摩尔人、改宗者与土耳其人:论《奥瑟罗》中的奥瑟罗  

Moor,Convert and Turk:Othello in Othello

作　　者：胡鹏[1] HU Peng

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学莎士比亚研究所,重庆400031

出　　处：《外语研究》2020年第5期89-95,112,共8页Foreign Languages Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“莎士比亚戏剧本源系统整理与传承比较研究”(编号:19ZDA294)、国家社科基金后期资助项目“莎士比亚与早期现代英国物质文化研究”(编号:19FWWB017);四川外国语大学社科项目“莎士比亚作品瘟疫书写研究”(编号:SISU202014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《奥瑟罗》是莎士比亚四大悲剧之一,批评家们历来对剧中奥瑟罗的身份,特别是种族问题,非常关注。1600年摩洛哥苏丹艾哈迈德·曼苏尔派遣了一支由他的大使穆罕默德·安努里率领的代表团前往伦敦与伊丽莎白女王会晤,并提议建立一个反对天主教西班牙的军事联盟。实际上莎士比亚创作此剧大概始于1601年末,追溯安努里在伦敦逗留的6个月期间的活动,就有可能看出莎士比亚在描写"高贵的摩尔人"这个话题时可能运用到的部分原始材料。本文拟将《奥瑟罗》中的奥瑟罗与安努里作对比研究,特别是从摩尔人、改宗者、土耳其人等三个方面对其进行研究,指出莎士比亚作品中体现的同时代民众对于摩尔人及伊斯兰世界既迷恋又恐惧的复杂心态。Othello is one of the four greatest tragedies of Shakespeare.Scholars have tended to concentrate on the identity problem of the character Othello in Othello.In 1600,the Moroccan sultan Ahmad al-Mansur sent a delegation led by his ambassador Muhammad al-Annuri to London to meet with Queen Elizabeth and propose a military alliance against Catholic Spain.Toward the end of 1601,some months after the Moroccan ambassador’s arrival in London,William Shakespeare began The Tragedy of Othello,the Moor of Venice.Retracing Annuri’s movements across London over the six months of his stay,it is possible to discern some of the topical raw material on which Shakespeare might have drawn for his portrayal of the“noble Moor”.This paper aims to make a comparative study between Othello and Annuri,point out Othello’s complex identity:Moor,convert and Turk,explore contemporary England’s fascination with and fears of the figure of the Moor and the Islamic world.

关 键 词：奥瑟罗 安努里 摩尔人 改宗者 土耳其人 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]