红松种子园结实性状分析及优良无性系选择  

Analysis of Seeding Characters of Korean Pine Seed Orchard and Selection of Excellent Clones

作　　者：闫平玉 王鹏 杨维满 张含国[1] YAN Pingyu;WANG Peng;YANG Weiman;ZHANG Hanguo(State Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150036,China;Qingshan National Larch Seed Base in Linkou County,Mudanjiang 157623,China;Forest Resources Management Unit of Forestry and Grassland Administration in Linkou County,Mudanjiang 157600,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150036 [2]林口县青山国家落叶松良种基地,黑龙江牡丹江157623 [3]林口县林业和草原局森林资源管理股,黑龙江牡丹江157600

出　　处：《森林工程》2020年第6期19-29,共11页Forest Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省科技厅项目(GA19B201-3);黑龙江头雁创新团队计划“林木遗传育种创新研究团队”。

摘　　要：为探索红松无性系结实性状变异规律并选择优良无性系,对林口县青山红松无性系种子园25个无性系的一个年度的3个营养成分性状、两个年度的6个种实性状及连续4个年度的3个产量性状进行方差分析、变异分析、性状相关分析及稳定性分析。结果显示:无性系间各性状均有较大变异,2016、2019年各性状平均变异系数分别为14.47%、16.73%,2016年空壳率变异系数较大,为42.52%,2019年含水率变异系数较大,为37.47%。红松无性系间各性状均存在显著差异,2019年球果数量、种子重、出仁率最高的无性系分别高出无性系平均值235.03%、31.56%、9.8%。LK18油脂含量、蛋白质含量、多糖含量性状分别大于无性系均值21.28%、48.40%、46.10%,LK79-5油脂含量、蛋白质含量、多糖含量性状分别大于无性系均值7.59%、48.40%、29.87%。结论:红松种实性状间相关关系较为紧密,营养性状间也存在显著相关关系,30粒种仁重、30粒种子重、含水率、出仁率和多糖含量间相关性显著,可间接选择,而产量性状与种实性状、营养性状间相关性不显著,可独立进行选择。LK79-9、LK26两个无性系结实性状好,丰产稳定性高,属高产稳产无性系,LK18、LK79-5为营养成分好、丰产稳定性高的优良无性系。In order to explore the variation law of clones of Korean pine clones and select excellent clones,ANOVA,variance analysis,trait correlation analysis and stability analysis were conducted on the 3 nutrient traits in a year,6 planting traits in two years,and 3 yield traits in four consecutive years of 25 clones in Qingshan Pinus koraiensis clone orchard in Linkou County.The results showed that the clones had large variations in their solid traits among clones.The average coefficients of variation of each trait in 2016 and 2019 were 14.47%and 16.73%,respectively.In 2016,the coefficient of variation of the empty shell rate was large,at 42.52%,and in 2019,the coefficient of variation of the water content was large,at 37.47%.There were significant differences among the traits of Korean pine clones.The clones with the highest number of cones,seed weight,and kernel yield in 2019 were higher than the average clones by 235.03%,31.56%,9.8%respectively.The oil content,protein content and polysaccharide content of LK18 clones were higher than the average values of 21.28%,48.40%,46.10%,and the oil content,protein content and polysaccharide content of LK79-5 clones were higher than the average values of 7.59%,48.40%,29.87%,respectively.Conclusion:The correlation between the solid traits of Pinus koraiensis was relatively close,and there was also a significant correlation between the nutritional traits.The correlation between the weight of 30 seed kernels,the weight of 30 seeds,the moisture content,the yield of kernels,and the content of polysaccharides was significant,which can be selected indirectly.The correlations between traits,seed traits and nutritional traits are not significant and can be selected independently.LK79-9 and LK26 had good traits and high yield stability.They were high-yield and stable-yielding clones.LK18 and LK79-5 were excellent clones with good nutrition and high yield stability.

关 键 词：红松 结实性状 营养性状 无性系 选择 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]