低盐活性红染料染色柞木单板的工艺与性能  

Processes and Performances of Chinese Oak Veneers Modified with Low-salt Reactive Red Dyes

作　　者：王敬贤[1] 赫亮[1] 王建军[1] 王月婵[1] WANG Jingxian;HE Liang;WANG Jianjun;WANG Yuechan(Liaoning Academy of Forestry,Shenyang 110032,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业科学研究院,沈阳110032

出　　处：《森林工程》2020年第6期51-57,共7页Forest Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院学科交流合作项目(2020HZ217005);辽宁省自然科学基金(20180550697)。

摘　　要：以纺织工业用的低盐活性红染料为研究对象,采用常压加热浸渍方法对渗透性较差的柞木单板进行染色,研究染色工艺参数对柞木单板染色上染率的影响。结果显示:电解质盐种类、染料质量分数、染色温度和固色剂用量显著影响低盐活性红染料染色柞木单板上染率,而低盐活性红染料上染柞木单板的性能对元明粉用量敏感度较低;在染色温度70℃、元明粉添加量12 g/L、染料质量分数0.5%、碳酸钠添加量20 g/L的工艺条件下,可以获得理想的上染率。利用傅里叶红外光谱技术测试不同上染率的染色单板表面特征吸收峰,在波数3340 cm^-1和1110 cm^-1处的吸收峰强度变化反映了染料在柞木单板表面的附着情况。通过测试未处理柞木单板和不同上染率柞木染色单板的表面接触角,发现染色处理会轻微降低单板表面润湿性,对单板后期胶合和涂饰影响不大。与常规活性红染料相比,低盐活性红染料染色单板所需电解质盐用量更低,上染率更高,为后期研究建立木材低盐活性染料染色工艺奠定基础。Taking the low-salt reactive red dyes for textile industry as the research object,the low-permeability Chinese oak veneers were dyed by the high temperature impregnation method at atmospheric pressure,and the impact of process parameters on dye-uptake was studied.The results showed that the dye-uptake of Chinese oak veneer modified with low-salt reactive red dyes was affected by types of salt,dye concentration,dyeing temperature and alkali concentration significantly.However,the dye-uptake of low-salt reactive red dye was low sensitivity to Na 2SO 3 concentration.The satisfactory dye-uptake was obtained at the process parameter of 70℃dyeing temperature,12 g/L Na 2SO 4 concentration,0.5%dye concentration and 20 g/L Na 2CO 3 concentration.Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)was used to measure characteristic absorption peak intensity at different dye-uptakes.The change of absorption peak intensity at the wave number of 3340 cm^-1 and 1110 cm^-1 reflected the adhesion of dyes on the surface of oak veneer.By testing the surface contact angles of untreated oak veneers and oak veneers with different dye-uptakes,it could be found that surface wettability of Chinese oak veneers treated with low-salt reactive red dye slightly decreased in comparison to untreated veneers,and it had little effect on gluing and finishing.Compared with conventional reactive red dyes,salt dosages of dyed veneers treated with low-salt reactive red dye significantly decreased,while dye-uptake increased.It laid the foundation for the establishment of wood dyeing process with low-salt reactive dyes in the later study.

关 键 词：柞木单板 低盐活性染料 傅里叶红外光谱 接触角 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种] TS652[农业科学—林学]