遮阴对不同密度条件下玉米子粒含水率的影响  

Effect of Shading on Grain Moisture Content of Maize under Different Density Conditions

作　　者：杨云山 郭晓霞 刘慧芳 侯鹏[2] 刘广周[2] 刘万茂 明博[2] 谢瑞芝[2] 王克如[2] 李少昆[1,2] YANG Yun-shan;GUO Xiao-xia;LIU Hui-fang;HOU Peng;LIU Guang-zhou;LIU Wan-mao;MING Bo;XIE Rui-zhi;WANG Ke-ru;LI Shao-kun(Agronomy College,Shihezi University/The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Shihezi 832003;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081;College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室,北京100081 [3]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《玉米科学》2020年第5期142-147,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300110);国家自然科学基金项目(31871558,31501266,31371575)。

摘　　要：在大田条件下设置全生育期遮阴试验,通过测定成熟期子粒含水率,分析遮阴对玉米子粒含水率的影响。结果表明,在CK(自然光)、S1(自然光的85%)和S2(自然光的70%)处理下,各品种的子粒含水率表现为郑单958最高、先玉335次之、登海618最低。在S3(自然光的50%)处理下,登海618比先玉335子粒含水率平均高出4.36%。遮阴后玉米子粒含水率呈升高趋势,遮阴程度越大子粒含水率越高,其中,S1、S2和S3处理的子粒含水率分别比CK平均高出2.79%、4.43%和23.83%。遮阴后弱光胁迫导致玉米成熟延迟,与CK相比,S1、S2和S3遮阴处理成熟期平均推迟了4.0、4.0和6.5 d,可能是导致子粒含水率升高的原因。因此,在阴雨寡照频发和种植密度较高的区域或年份,建议选择熟期更早、脱水快的品种以达到机械粒收的子粒水分要求。The experiment was conducted in the field by setting a shading test throughout the whole growth peri⁃od.The influence of shading on the grain moisture content of kernels at maturity was analyzed.The grain moisture content showed a same tendency,Denghai618 was the lowest,Xianyu335 was the second and Zhengdan958 was the highest under the treatment of CK,S1 and S2,respectively.Denghai618 was 4.36%higher than Xianyu335 under S3 treatment.The grain moisture content increased with increasing levels of shading,the grain moisture content of S1(85%of natural light),S2(70%of natural light)and S3(50%of natural light)was 2.79%,4.43%and 23.83%higher than that of CK(natural light),respectively.The weak light stress by shading delayed the maturity of maize,the matu⁃rity of S1,S2 and S3 were delayed by 4.0,4.0 and 6.5 days compared with CK,which may be the reason for the in⁃crease of grain moisture content.It is suggested that selecting cultivars with earlier maturity and faster kernel dehy⁃dration rate will meet the requirement of grain moisture for mechanical grain harvesting in the areas where kernel de⁃hydration rate was slowly caused by frequently rainy and lightless weather.

关 键 词：玉米 品种 遮阴 子粒含水率 

分 类 号：S513.091[农业科学—作物学]