英国都铎政府贫困治理政策的演变  

The Evolution of Poverty Control Policy of Tudor Government in England

作　　者：雍正江[1] YONG Zheng-jiang(School of Social Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu,225002, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学社会发展学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《史学集刊》2020年第6期81-91,共11页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“欧洲社会福利制度构建的历史经验及其对中国的启示”(16ZDA141)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：英国都铎王朝时期,农业生产商品化、资本主义化导致小农失去土地和劳动权利,引发失业、贫困、流民等严重社会问题,社会矛盾尖锐。为缓解社会矛盾,都铎政府采取了一系列举措,从颁布《反圈地法令》保护小农利益,施行反流民法以限制小农的过快流动,到以阶级利益调节为手段推进济贫立法。都铎政府在实践中不断调整自己的角色定位,以纠正社会政策的失误,最终确立以劳动力商品化来保障失地小农劳动权利的基本方略。都铎政府贫困治理实践既缓和了社会矛盾,为商品经济和资本主义发展提供了较为稳定的社会环境,也突出了国家的社会调节功能,开创了社会保障制度和国家治理体系现代化的先河。During the Tudor Dynasty,due to the commercialization and capitalisation of agriculture,small farmers lost their lands and labor rights.Serious social problems such as unemployment,poverty and refugees occurred.In order to alleviate social conflicts,Tudor government took a series of measures,such as anti-enclosure law,bloody legislation and poverty relief legislation.In order to correct the mistakes of social policy,Tudor government constantly adjusted its social role,and finally protected the labor rights of small farmers who lost their lands through the commercialization of labor force.Tudor government's practice of poverty control not only eased social contradictions,but also promoted the development of commodity economy and capitalism.Tudor government's anti-poverty practice highlighted the social adjustment function of the country,opened up the road for the modernization of social security system and national governance system.

关 键 词：反圈地法令 血腥立法 济贫立法 劳动力商品化 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]