茅苍术二倍体及其同源四倍体的生理特征与转录组差异分析  

Physiological characteristics and transcriptome differences analysis of diploid and autotetraploid of Atractylodes lancea

作　　者：高真 张成才 罗丽娜 张子璇 王将 向增旭[1] GAO Zhen;ZHANG Chengcai;LUO Lina;ZHANG Zixuan;WANG Jiang;XIANG Zengxu(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2020年第6期1024-1032,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-21);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(Z52911218)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在探究茅苍术二倍体与同源四倍体基因表达谱差异情况,为关键调控基因定位及基因工程育种等提供参考。[方法]以二倍体及其同源四倍体茅苍术为材料,比较两者的叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及淀粉含量等生理指标,并进行转录组测序分析。[结果]茅苍术同源四倍体叶片和茎的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及可溶性淀粉含量均显著高于二倍体。转录组测序结果共得到差异表达基因(DEG)4446个,其中上调DEG为3066个,下调DEG为1380个;共有4446个差异表达基因注释到GO功能库的生物进程、细胞组分与分子功能3大功能区,与细胞组分、代谢过程、酶催化活性等密切相关。通路(Pathway)分析发现,茅苍术二倍体与同源四倍体在碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢、氨基酸生物合成、氨酰-tRNA生物合成等途径差异显著。差异转录因子分析发现,同源四倍体植株中MYB转录因子家族表达量显著高于二倍体。[结论]叶绿素含量较高导致同源四倍体植株叶色更深;更高含量的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖与淀粉能够为四倍体植株提供更多的能量,使叶片变大变厚;参与碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸合成、代谢等通路的差异表达基因与四倍体植株在表型、生理上的变化有关;MYB转录因子的差异表达导致二倍体和同源四倍体在外观性状、生理特征、抗逆抗胁迫等方面的差异。[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to explore the difference of gene expression profiles between diploid and autotetraploid of Atractylodes lancea,and provide reference for key regulatory gene location and gene engineering breeding.[Methods]The diploid and autotetraploid of A.lancea were used as materials to compare their physiological indexes,such as chlorophyll,soluble sugar,soluble protein and starch contents,and analyze their transcriptome sequencing.[Results]The contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and soluble starch in leaf and stem of autotetraploid of A.lancea were significantly higher than those in the counterparts of diploid.The results of transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 4446 differentially expressed genes(DEG),of which 3066 were up regulated and 1380 were down regulated.4446 DEG were annotated into the three functional areas of GO library,including biological process,cell component and molecular function,which were closely related to cell component,metabolic process and enzyme catalytic activity.Pathway analysis showed that there were significant differences between diploid and autotetraploid plants in carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis and other pathways.The analysis of the different transcription factors showed that the amount of MYB transcription factor family in autotetraploid plants was significantly higher than that in diploid plants.[Conclusions]The higher content of chlorophyll leads to the deeper leaf color of autotetraploid plants;the higher contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and starch can provide more energy for the autotetraploid plants and make the leaves larger and thicker;the DEG involved in carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid synthesis,metabolism and other pathways is related to the phenotypic and physiological changes of the autotetraploid plants.The differential expression of MYB transcription factors leads to the differences in appearance,physiological characteristics,stress resistance a

关 键 词：茅苍术 二倍体 同源四倍体 生理特征 转录组测序 差异表达基因 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]