膨化饲料及其添加抗应激剂对团头鲂生长性能、消化酶活性、应激及生长与摄食相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of an extruded feed with or without anti-stress additives supplementation on the growth performance,digestive enzymes activities,stress response and the expressions of growth and feeding-related genes in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala

作　　者：何超凡 李向飞 张丽 郑肖川 詹玉春 邓登 林海[3] 刘文斌 HE Chaofan;LI Xiangfei;ZHANG Li;ZHENG Xiaochuan;ZHAN Yuchun;DENG Deng;LIN Hai;LIU Wenbin(College of Animal Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Shenzhen Alpha Group Co. Ltd.,Shenzhen 518056,China;Jiangsu Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院/江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司,广东深圳518056 [3]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2020年第6期1087-1096,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系(CARS-45-14)。

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在探究膨化饲料及其补充抗应激剂对团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)生长性能、消化酶活性、应激及生长与摄食相关基因表达的影响。[方法]由饲料公司按实际生产条件制备了3种配方相同但不同剂型的饲料,即硬颗粒饲料、膨化饲料及添加抗应激剂的膨化饲料。将平均体质量为14 g的15000尾团头鲂随机平均放入3个水槽中(20 m×4 m×2 m),然后,将其随机分为3组,即全程投喂普通膨化饲料组(extruded feed,EF)、全程投喂添加抗应激剂的膨化饲料组(anti-stress feed,AF)及前90 d投喂普通膨化饲料而后90 d投喂硬颗粒饲料的间隔投喂组(pellet and extruded feed,PE)。每天饱食投喂3次,养殖期为180 d。分别在第91天和第181天时采样,采集肠道、血液、脑样品,测定消化酶活性、抗应激能力和生长摄食基因表达量指标。[结果]第91天,AF组增重率、体长以及平均日增重均显著高于另外2组(P<0.05),但各组体组成无显著差异。AF组蛋白酶、脂肪酶及淀粉酶活性均显著高于另2组(P<0.05),但血浆皮质醇浓度和乳酸水平均显著低于另2组(P<0.05)。第181天,PE组增重率与体长均显著高于EF组(P<0.05),且其肥满度与脏体比均显著高于另2组(P<0.05),但平均日增重与AF组差异不显著(P>0.05)。PE组粗脂肪含量显著高于另外2组(P<0.05)。PE组蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于EF组(P<0.05),但与AF组差异不显著(P>0.05)。EF组皮质醇浓度和乳酸水平均显著高于另2组(P<0.05),且另2组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,3组间肝脏瘦素mRNA表达量无显著差异(P>0.05),但EF组肝脏胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ及垂体生长激素受体和神经肽Y的mRNA表达量均显著低于另2组(P<0.05)。PE组生长激素的mRNA表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),而EF组胆囊收缩素的mRNA表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。[结论]与全程投喂普通膨化饲料组相比,添加抗应激剂膨化饲料可显著提高团头�[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the effects of an extruded feed with or without anti-stress additives supplementation on the growth performance,digestive enzymes activities,stress response and the expressions of growth and feeding-related genes in blunt snout bream(Malobrama amblycephala).[Methods]Three kinds of feed with the same formula but different dosage forms were prepared by a feed manufacturing company following the practical production conditions,including a pelleted feed(PF),an extruded feed(EF)and the EF supplemented with an anti-stress additive(AF).A total of 15000 fishes with an average body weight of 14 g were randomly distributed into three tanks(20 m×4 m×2 m).Then,fishes were randomly divided into three groups,including one offered the EF continuously,one fed the AF continuously and one fed the EF and PF during the first and last 90 days of the feeding trial(PE),respectively.Fishes were fed three times daily for 180 days.Samples were collected from intestines,blood and brain on the day 91 and day 181,respectively.Digestive enzyme activity,anti-stress ability and growth and feeding gene expression were measured.[Results]On the 91 day,the weight gain rate,body length and average daily gain of the AF group were all significantly higher than those of the other two groups(P<0.05),but the body composition showed no statistical difference among all the groups(P>0.05).The protease,lipase and amylase activities of the AF group were all significantly higher than those of the other two groups(P<0.05),but the plasma cortisol and lactic acid levels in the AF group were both significantly lower than those of the other two groups(P<0.05).On the 181 day,the weight gain rate and body length of the PE group were both significantly higher than those of the EF group(P<0.05),but the average daily gain of the PE group showed no statistical difference with that of the AF group(P>0.05).The condition factor and the viscera-body ratio of PE group were both significantly higher than those of the other two grou

关 键 词：膨化饲料 抗应激 团头鲂 生长性能 摄食基因 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]