煤矿事故致因模式分析及应用研究  

Research on Coal Mine Accident Cause Model Analysis and Application

作　　者：宋建萍 SONG Jian-ping(School of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《集宁师范学院学报》2020年第5期113-116,共4页Journal of Jining Normal University

摘　　要：煤矿是伤亡事故发生率较高行业之一,煤矿安全生产管理一直是煤矿企业非常重视的头等大事。但煤矿事故仍屡有发生,究其原因有其特殊性和必然性,是多种因素综合作用的结果,既有物的因素也有人的因素。物的因素如设备陈旧、老化,无法提高掘进面掘进速度和采煤产量;通风、瓦斯、煤尘等的防治平衡问题;人的因素如侥幸心理或漠视造成不安全行为。无论是煤矿安全管理还是监察体系出现的漏洞,对已存在的隐患感知能力较差,应急预案不到位,反映到技术决策层面难以应对井下突变性问题的出现。该文从事故致因模型角度剖析这些事故发生机理,寻找其发生的规律性和特殊性,查明导致煤矿事故发生的主要成因,提出防止事故发生的方法和建议。Coal mine is one of the industries with higher incidence of casualty accidents.Safety production management has always been a top priority for coal mining enterprises.However,there have been still many accidents in coal mines,which has its particularity and inevitability.It is the result of a variety of factors,both the material aspect and personnel aspect.The material factors include equipment being old and aging which cannot increase excavating speed and coal production,ventilation,gas,spontaneous combustion(coal dust)and other problems related to the balance of prevention and control.The personnel factors include fluke mind or indifference,causing unsafe behavior.Loopholes exist in both the safety management and supervising system of the coal mine,such as poor perception of existing hidden dangers,under-developed emergency plan,as well as abrupt problems occurring inside the well which cannot be dealt with from the technical decision-making level.In this paper,the mechanism of these accidents is analyzed from the angle of accident causing model,the regularity and particularity of the occurrence of the accidents are found,the bottlenecks that lead to the occurrence of coal mine accidents are found out,and the methods and suggestions to prevent the accidents are put forward.

关 键 词：意外致因模型 机理 非均等分布 泊松分布 管理失误 

分 类 号：F530.69[经济管理—产业经济]