圆块式石墨换热器的失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Round Block Graphite Heat Exchanger

作　　者：罗理毅 董樑 陈艺[2] 杨振国[1] LUO Liyi;DONG Liang;CHEN Yi;YANG Zhenguo(Department of Materials Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical Research,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学材料科学系,上海200433 [2]上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期427-437,共11页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

摘　　要：上海化工区某生产线的盐酸净化重沸器发生了异常失效,由内部圆块式酚醛树脂浸渍石墨换热器上的异常裂纹引起.为了找到失效的根本原因,对失效试样进行了一系列表征分析.结果表明,在圆块式石墨换热器中部存在多处起裂点,裂纹由此延伸形成贯穿形态.加料顺序不恰当是失效的根本原因;运行时升温速率过快,起裂点处存在加工缺陷,酚醛树脂与石墨的热膨胀系数差异使内应力增加也是失效的重要原因.论文最后提出了解决对策,对此类设备的安全运行有一定的指导作用.A block phenolic resin impregnated graphite heat exchanger with an abnormal crack used in a hydrochloric acid purification reboiler in Shanghai chemical industry park failed.For the purpose of identifying the causes of the failure,the cracked parts were cut and then comprehensively investigated.Based on the analysis results,it was determined that the root cause of the failure was the wrong sequence of feeding.Also,factors including 1)the steam on the shell side was heated too fast in operation,and 2)difference existed in the thermal expansion coefficients between the graphite and the phenolic resin facilitated the crack propagation.The countermeasures are put forward to guide the safe operation of this kind of equipment.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 浸渍石墨 失效分析 起裂点 加工缺陷 

分 类 号：TQ153.1[化学工程—电化学工业]