嘉兴市城市河网区多环芳烃污染源解析及生态风险评价  

Sources and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Jiaxing River Network

作　　者：杨延梅[1] 赵航晨 孟睿[2] 何连生[2] 赵昊 杜士林 丁婷婷 YANG Yan-mei;ZHAO Hang-chen;MENG Rui;HE Lian-sheng;ZHAO Hao;DU Shi-lin;DING Ting-ting(School of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Environmental Analysis Technology Test Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Construction Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境分析技术测试中心,北京100012 [3]华北理工大学建筑工程学院,唐山063000

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第11期4989-4998,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07206-003)。

摘　　要：为研究嘉兴市城市河网区水体中多环芳烃的污染水平和来源并进行生态风险评价,采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对环境优控多环芳烃(PAHs)进行分析检测.结果表明,枯水期和丰水期分别检测出10种和16种优控PAHs,质量浓度范围分别为77.32~283.76ng·L^-1和13.05~133.02ng·L^-1,平均质量浓度分别为143.83ng·L^-1和73.47ng·L^-1;枯水期低环(2环和3环)占比79.18%,丰水期低环占比73.60%;嘉兴市河网区水体多环芳烃污染情况与国内外其他地区相比处于较低水平;采用同分异构比值法和主成分分析法进行污染来源分析,结果表明嘉兴市枯水期和丰水期河网水体中多环芳烃污染主要来源为城市面源污染、燃烧源以及交通污染源;Kalf风险熵值法评价结果表明,枯水期:萘(Nap)、苊烯(Acy)、二氢苊(Ace)、芴(Flu)、菲(Phe)、蒽(Ant)、荧蒽(Fla)、芘(Pyr)和苯并[a]蒽(BaA)以及∑PAHs为中等生态风险水平,丰水期:萘(Nap)、苊烯(Acy)、芴(Flu)、菲(Phe)、荧蒽(Fla)、芘(Pyr)、苯并[a]蒽(BaA)、苯并[b]荧蒽(BbF)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BkF)、苯并[a]芘(BaP)、茚苯[1,2,3-cd]芘(InP)和苯并[ghi]苝(BghiP)属于中等生态风险水平,∑PAHs为低生态风险水平;总体而言,嘉兴市河网水体中PAHs生态风险呈中等水平,有关部门需采取措施降低河网水体中PAHs的生态风险.In order to study the pollution source and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the Jiaxing river network,PAHs were analyzed by GC-MS.The results show that with the influence of rainfall and surface runoff in the wet season,the types and mass concentrations of PAHs in the river network of Jiaxing differ from the dry season.Ten and 16 priority PAHs were detected in the dry season and wet season,respectively.The average mass concentration of PAHs in the dry season was 143.83 ng·L^-1 and 73.47 ng·L^-1in the wet season.The range of mass concentration of PAHs in the dry and wet season was 77.32-283.76 ng·L^-1 and 13.05-133.02 ng·L^-1,respectively,and 2-ring and 3-ring PAHs accounted for 79.18%in the dry season and 73.60%in the wet season.PAHs pollution in the river network of Jiaxing was at a low level compared with the domestic and foreign areas.The isomer ratio and principal component analysis found that the PAHs in the Jiaxing river network mainly come from urban non-point source pollution,combustion source,and traffic pollution in the dry season and wet season.The results of the Kalf risk entropy method show that in the dry season,naphthalene(Nap),acenaphthylene(Acy),acenaphthene(Ace),fluorene(Flu),phenanthrene(Phe),anthracene(Ant),fluoranthene(Fla),pyrene(Pyr),and benzo(a)anthracene(BaA)are at moderate ecological risk.In the wet season,Nap,Acy,Flu,Phe,Fla,Pyr,BaA,benzo(b)fluoranthene(BbF),benzo(k)fluoranthene(BkF),benzo(a)pyrene(BaP),indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene(InP),and benzo(g,h,i)perylene(BghiP)are at moderate ecological risk.In the dry season,∑PAHs are at moderate ecological risk,and low in the wet season.On the whole,PAHs pollution in the Jiaxing river network presents moderate ecological risk levels,and measures to reduce the ecological risk of PAHs in the river network should be taken by the Departments concerned.

关 键 词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 源解析 同分异构比值法 主成分分析 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4