南湖水系表层沉积物有机质的赋存特征、来源及生物有效性  

Occurrence characteristics,sources and bioavailability of organic matter in surface sediments of Nanhu Lake water system

作　　者：郭云艳 周光鑫 王雅雯 王书航[1,2] 郑朔方[1,2] 姜霞[1,2] 高建文 GUO Yunyan;ZHOU Guangxin;WANG Yawen;WANG Shuhang;ZHENG Shuofang;JIANG Xia;GAO Jianwen(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology;CCCC Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [3]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院 [4]中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2020年第6期936-943,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07206-003)。

摘　　要：为探明嘉兴南湖及周边水体(简称南湖水系)沉积物有机质的赋存特征及来源,采用连续提取法、三维荧光光谱技术对南湖表层沉积物有机质的浓度、组分、来源及稳定性进行系统研究。结果表明:表层沉积物中总有机质浓度为5.96~40.04 g/kg,平均值为15.69 g/kg,水溶性有机质(WSOM)、富里酸(FA)、胡敏素(HM)和胡敏酸(HA)平均浓度分别为0.62、5.22、5.00、4.85 g/kg。表层沉积物WSOM中共鉴别出4个荧光组分,包括2个类腐殖质组分(C2、C3)与2个类蛋白组分(C1、C4),其中,C1以类色氨酸荧光峰为主,C2以富里酸荧光峰为主,C3以胡敏酸荧光峰为主,C4以酪氨酸荧光峰为主。南湖水系表层沉积物中C/N平均值为7.71,荧光指数(FI)和腐殖化指数(HIX)分别为1.54~1.78和1.62~7.76,表明南湖水系表层沉积物有机质的来源中内源占比较大,主要来自于自身微生物的代谢等过程,腐殖化程度较弱。相关性分析表明,表层沉积物WSOM各荧光组分与氨氮(AN)和水溶性有机氮(SON)均呈显著正相关(P<0.01),生物可利用度高。In order to ascertain the occurrence characteristics and sources of organic matter in the sediments of Nanhu Lake water system in Jiaxing,the continuous extraction and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy were used to systematically analyze the content,composition,source and stability of the organic matter in surface sediments of the lake.The results showed that the total organic matter content in surface sediments ranged from 5.96 to 40.04 g/kg,with an average value of 15.69 g/kg.Average content of water-soluble organic matter(WSOM),fulvic acid(FA),Humin(HM)and humic acid(HA)were 0.62,5.22,5.00,4.85 g/kg,respectively.Four fluorescent components were identified in the surface sediment WSOM,including two humus-like components(C2 and C3)and two protein-like components(C1 and C4).Among the four components,C1 was dominated by tryptophan-like fluorescence peaks,C2 by fulvic acid fluorescence peaks,C3 by humic acid fluorescence,and C4 by tyrosine fluorescence.The average value of C/N ratio in surface sediments of Nanhu Lake water system was 7.71,and the fluorescence index(FI)and humification index(HIX)were 1.54-1.78 and 1.62-7.76,respectively,indicating that the source of organic matter in the surface sediments of Nanhu Lake water system was endogenous,which accounted for a large proportion,and mainly from the processes of metabolism of its own microorganisms,and the degree of humification was weak.The correlation analysis showed that the fluorescent components of WSOM in surface sediments were significantly positively correlated with both ammonia nitrogen(AN)and water-soluble organic nitrogen(SON)(P<0.01),which showed high bioavailability.

关 键 词：南湖水系 有机质 荧光特征 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]