新发重大传染病频发背景下疾病预防控制工作的卫生经济学再评价  

Health Economics Reevaluation on the Prevention and Control of Epidemics under the Background of Frequent Occurrence of New Severe Infectious Diseases

作　　者：郭子予 汪文新 刘冰 GUO Zi-yu;WANG Wen-xin;LIU Bing(Bao’an Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518101,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518101 [2]汕头大学法学院公共管理系,广东汕头515063

出　　处：《中国卫生经济》2020年第10期47-50,共4页Chinese Health Economics

基　　金：广东省普通高校新冠肺炎疫情防控专项研究重点项目(2020KZDZX1089)。

摘　　要：在新型重大传染病频发背景下,分析传染病防控的社会效益和经济效益,为公共卫生资源的投入使用和分配提供科学依据。搜集我国某些地区关于常见高危害传染病(结核病、艾滋病、乙型肝炎)防控的卫生经济学评价数据,从成本-效益和成本-效用方面对数据进行归纳和总结,对其进行卫生经济学再评价。17个市/县对结核病防控成本效用平均值为154.2±66.27,成本-效益比的平均值为1:(126.3±86.11);在艾滋病母婴传播阻断平均成本-效益比为1:11.1。乙肝疫苗接种的成本-效益明显。21世纪前后10年期间,我国在传染病防控上取得了令人满意的成绩,直接或间接地减少了大量的社会损失和医疗负担。建议对疾病预防控制工作要持续加大投入,从而使得社会经济效益的最大化。Under the background of emergence of new severe infectious diseases,analyzing the social and economic benefits of prevention and control of infectious diseases to provide scientific theoretical basis for the use and distribution of public health resources.Based on the published articles of the health economics evaluation on the prevention and control of common high-risk infectious diseases(tuberculosis,AIDS,hepatitis B)in some regions of China,it summarizes the data from the aspects of cost-benefit analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis and reevaluates it.The average cost-effectiveness ratio of TB prevention and control in 17 cities/counties is 154.2±66.27,the average cost-benefit ratio is 1:(126.3±86.11),and the average cost-benefit ratio of blocking mother to child transmission of AIDS is 1:11.1.The cost-effectiveness of vaccination in hepatitis B is significant.China has made satisfactory achievements,which directly or indirectly reduces a large number of social losses and medical burden,in the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the past 2 decades.It is suggested that more investment should be made in disease prevention and control so as to maximize the social and economic benefits.

关 键 词：传染性疾病 预防控制 成本-效用分析 成本-效益分析 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R197.1