阴极发光技术在宝石鉴定及研究中的应用  

The Application of Cathodoluminescence in Identification and Scientific Research of Gemstone

作　　者：秦临按 赵欣[1] QIN LinLi;ZHAO Xin(School of Gemmology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)珠宝学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国宝玉石》2020年第5期26-31,共6页China Gems & Jades

摘　　要：阴极发光(CL)技术作为一种无损鉴定方式,近年在宝石矿物的鉴定及研究中应用广泛。本文主要从CL颜色和C L结构两个角度来探究CL技术在宝石矿物鉴定及科学研究中的应用。宝石矿物的C L颜色及强度常应用于鉴别合成宝石和天然宝石,如区分合成钻石和天然钻石,合成水晶(无色、黄色、紫色)和天然水晶;应用于鉴别宝石是否经优化处理,如天然蓝色托帕石和辐照处理蓝色托帕石。CL结构更多地提供宝石的生长结构等信息,因此可成为鉴别天然宝石和合成宝石的决定性因素;还可为宝石是否经过人工处理提供比CL颜色更加详细、更有决定意义的依据,如翡翠优化处理品的鉴别、充填处理红宝石的鉴别;同时,在宝石学研究角度,CL结构更侧重于微区范围内的研究分析,以钻石为例,CL结构可提供钻石晶体生长阶段、结晶机制等信息,而这些生长信息又可作为对钻石进行微区范围内分析的基础,例如基于CL环带结构微区红外光谱分析、二次离子质谱仪分析。As a nondestructive method for gemstone identification,cathodoluminescence(CL)technology has been widely used in laboratory identification and scientific research of gemstones in recent years.This paper mainly focuses on the application of CL color and CL structure in the identification and further study of gemstones.CL color and its intensity are widely used to distinguish natural gemstones from synthetic gemstones,for example,synthetic diamonds and natural diamonds,synthetic quartz(with colorless/yellow/purple color)and natural quartz.CL color is also used to identify whether a gemstone has been enhanced or treated,for example,whether a blue topaz has been treated by irradiation.Besides,certain color is related to specified trace elements.CL structure can provide more information about the growth structure of gemstones,and thus it can be decisive in distinguishing natural gemstones from synthetic gemstones;it can also provide more decisive basis than CL color for whether gemstones have been treated manually.For example,we can identify whether a jadeite has been treated and whether a ruby has been glass filled through its CL structure.Meanwhile,CL structure is more focused on the study of micro-size range from the perspective of gemology research.Taking diamond as an example,CL structure can provide information of the growth episodes of a diamond crystal and its related crystallization mechanism,which can be used as the basis for micro-size analysis of diamond,such as FTIR analysis and SIMS analysis based on CL zoning structure.

关 键 词：阴极发光 CL颜色 CL结构 宝石鉴定 钻石 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]