利用低频脉冲电击法防治草菇害虫双额岩小粪蝇的研究  

Application of Low Frequency Pulse Electric Shock to Control Bifronsina bifrons(Stenhammar)Infection in Volvariella volvacea

作　　者：吴华 戴建青 陈大嵩 欧剑峰 黄鸿 WU Hua;DAI Jianqing;CHEN Dasong;OU Jianfeng;HUANG Hong(Institute of Zoology,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510260,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院动物研究所,广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室,广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广东广州510262

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2020年第4期149-154,共6页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(201607010105);广东省科学院科技发展专项(2018GDASCX-0107)。

摘　　要：考察了低频脉冲电击法对草菇(Volvariella volvacea)害虫双额岩小粪蝇(Bifronsina bifrons)幼虫的防治效果。结果表明:各因素的电击防治效果顺序是电击时间>输出频率>电极距离,其中电击时间是显著因素。优化的电击参数为输出频率90 Hz、电极距离45 cm、电击时间40 s,在此条件下,在田间(菇房)对双额岩小粪蝇进行电击处理,24 h的防治效果达到57.54%,显著优于对照药阿维菌素乳油(43.92%)。以电击时间40 s,输出频率90 Hz,两电极距离15、30、45 cm,分别对草菇菌丝进行电击处理,电击处理组的草菇菌丝长势和生长速度均与对照组无显著差异。本研究为草菇生产中双额岩小粪蝇的无公害防治提供有益参考。The fly Bifronsina bifrons(Stenhammar)is the major pest insect to Volvariella volvacea in Guangdong province.Using orthogonal design,the efficacy of low frequency pulse electric shock against B.bifrons infection was studied.The results showed that major factors in the electric shock treatment in descending order of importance were electric shock time(s),output frequency(Hz),and electrode distance(CM),respectively.The optimal parameters for the electric shock treatment were 40 s electric shock time,90 Hz output frequency and 45 cm electrode distance.Using the above parameters,the efficacy of electric shock against B.bifrons in the field(mushroom production site)was 57.54%at 24 h,which was significantly greater than that of avermectin(43.92%)or clear water.Using the optimal electric time and output frequency,the mycelial growth rate of V.volvacea was not significantly different from that of the water control under three electrode distances(15,30 and 45 cm).This study provides a useful reference for the pollution-free control of B.bifrons in the production of V.volvacea.

关 键 词：电击法 草菇 双额岩小粪蝇 电击参数 防治效果 菌丝生长 

分 类 号：S436.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]