从克林顿到特朗普:弹劾语境下的当代美国政治  

From Clinton to Trump:The U.S.Contemporary Politics in the Context of Impeachment

作　　者：石庆环[1] 刘博然 SHI Qing-huan;LIU Bo-ran

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学历史学院,沈阳110036

出　　处：《求是学刊》2020年第4期156-166,共11页Seeking Truth

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基础研究项目(LJC202016);韩国财团辽宁大学亚洲研究中心项目(Y201909)。

摘　　要：在美国历史上,弹劾总统的政治实践虽不多见,但从克林顿到特朗普,短短20余年间,弹劾案发生的频率仍然很高。从历史的视角观察,克林顿与特朗普弹劾案之间存在着一定的相似之处,二者皆是党派斗争极化的产物。不过,与前者相比,特朗普总统弹劾案中党派斗争的政治性报复既明显又无序,同时极化的党派斗争又将弹劾作为“政治宪法化”的手段。“电话门”引发的对特朗普总统弹劾,不仅凸显了政治性弹劾的特质,降低了弹劾标准,而且加剧了美国政治生态的恶化,进一步威胁着美国政府权力结构的稳定。Although the political practice of impeaching presidents is rare in the U.S.history,the impeachments continue to occur with great frequency from Clinton to Trump in just over 20 years.From a historical perspective,there are some similarities between Clinton’s impeachment case and that of Trump,both of which are products of polarization of partisan struggle.However,in contrast to the former,the political retaliation of the partisan struggle in President Trump’s impeachment case is obvious and disorderly,and the polarized partisan struggle takes impeachment as a means of“political constitutionalization”.The impeachment of President Trump caused by“Telephone Gate”not only highlights the characteristics of political impeachment,but also lowers the impeachment standard,which aggravates the deterioration of the U.S.political ecology and further threatens the stability of the U.S.government power structure.

关 键 词：美国政治 弹劾制度 克林顿总统 特朗普总统 权力制衡 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]