新型冠状病毒肺炎家庭聚集性疫情传染源和传播链调查分析  

Infectious source and transmission chain of family cluster with COVID-19 infection

作　　者：刘卫[1] 朱韩武[1] 刘勋[1] 何德彪 陈柏塘[1] 周亮[1] 谭徽[1] LIU Wei;ZHU Han-wu;LIU Xun;HE De-biao;CHEN Bai-tang;ZHOU Liang;TAN Hui(Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chenzhou 423000,China;Yongxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]郴州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南郴州423000 [2]永兴县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2020年第5期506-510,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)家庭聚集性疫情,为预防控制疫情扩散提供科学依据。方法采用RT-PCR对采集的呼吸道标本进行新型冠状病毒核酸检测和采用胶体金法对血清标本进行新型冠状病毒抗体检测。应用现场流行病学方法调查Y县3起家庭疫情中病例及家庭密切接触者暴露情况,探讨每起家庭的传染源,分析其传播链。结果3个家庭共报告7例确诊病例、1例无症状感染者和2例新型冠状病毒抗体检测阳性者,各确诊病例感染日期与发病日期时间间隔均在COVID-19潜伏期内。每个家庭指示病例均无COVID-19疫区流行病学史。1号家庭病例发病时间最早,2号家庭传染源与1号家庭传染源有聚餐史,3号家庭传染源与1号家庭二代病例有近距离接触史。结论3起家庭聚集性COVID-19疫情的传染源(一代病例)是1号家庭的病例C。因此在疫情防控早期,隔离传染源,少聚集和加强个人防护能有效遏制疫情蔓延。Objective To investigate and analyze the infection in family cluster outbreaks of COVID-19,so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling the spread of the epidemic.Methods The nucleic acid of SARSCoV-2 was detected by RT-PCR in respiratory tract samples.Serum samples were tested for antibody of SARS-CoV-2 by the colloidal gold method.The field epidemiological method was used to investigate the exposure condition of cases and family close contacts in 3 family cluster outbreaks in County Y,exploring the source of infection in each family and analyzing transmission chain.Results Seven confirmed cases,1 case of asymptomatic infection,and 2 cases with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody were reported from 3 families.The time intervals between the date of infection and the date of onset of the confirmed cases were within the incubation period of COVID-19.There was no epidemiological history of COVID-19 affected area in each family′s index case.The case in Family 1 had the earliest onset.The source of infection in Family2 had a history of dining together with the source of infection in Family 1.The source of infection in Family 3 had close contact with the second generation case in Family 1.Conclusion The infectious source(first generation case)of the 3 family cluster COVID-19 outbreaks was case C in Family 1.At the early stage of prevention and control of the epidemic,isolation of the source of infection,less aggregation,and strengthening personal protection can effectively contain the spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 家庭聚集性 传染源 传播链 流行病学 

分 类 号：R183.1[医药卫生—流行病学] R184.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]