新冠肺炎疫情期间输血患者疾病谱调查分析  

Analysis of disease spectrum of blood transfusion patients during COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：杨俊龙 彭涛 甘新宇 张利 漆宇 YANG Junlong;PENG Tao;GAN Xinyu;ZHANG Li;QI Yu(Department of Blood Transfusion,the General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu 610083,China.)

机构地区：[1]西部战区总医院输血科,四川成都610083

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2020年第8期787-790,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间本院临床输血和患者疾病谱变化,为应对重大公共卫生事件血液保障提供参考。方法采用整群抽样法,选取2020年1月23日-3月31日本院输血患者为研究组,以2019年同期输血患者为对照组,对2组人群年龄、性别、科室、输血情况、疾病谱和前15位疾病诊断变化进行分析。结果 1)COVID-19疫情期间与2019年同期相比,输血患者性别构成无明显差异,0-20岁年龄构成降低(P<0.05),各科室输血人数都有下降,血液科患者构成比升高(P<0.05),心脏外科、肿瘤科及其他科室(心血管内科、烧伤科、眼科、皮肤科、儿科、神经内科)构成比降低(P<0.05)。2)COVID-19疫情期间与2019年同期相比输血总人数减少45%(428人vs757人),不同血型患者构成比无差异,红细胞悬液用量减少38%(1 545.1 U vs2 496 U),血浆用量减少27%(4 168.1 U vs5 745 U),单采血小板用量减少21%(396.2 U vs502.2 U),全血用量减少94%(1 U vs17.5 U),冷沉淀用量减少17%(1 617.5 U vs1 950.2 U),自体输血增加800%(27 U vs3 U)。3)COVID-19疫情期间与2019年同期相比输血患者疾病谱前3位(消化系统疾病、肿瘤、血液及造血系统疾病)占比(76%vs67%),循环系统、呼吸系统、肌肉骨骼系统、泌尿生殖系统、神经系统、妊娠分娩产褥期疾病患者人数和占比均降低。4)COVID-19疫情期间与2019年同期相比输血患者病种构成前15位占比(62.7%vs54.7%)及排名均有变化,COVID-19疫情期间输血患者病种前5位为急/慢性白血病、消化道出血、急/慢性肝衰竭、结直肠癌、肝硬化,2019年同期为急/慢性白血病、消化道出血、肝硬化、急/慢性肝衰竭、肝癌。结论分析COVID-19疫情期间临床输血和输血患者疾病谱变化特点,为医疗机构应对重大突发公共卫生事件制定血液保障策略,满足患者输血安全积累经验和提供参考。Objective To analyze of changes in clinical blood transfusion and disease profiles of patients in our hospital during COVID-19 epidemic,so as to provide references for blood security in response to pandemics and other public-health emergencies. Methods By a cluster sampling procedure, all consecutive blood recipients in our hospital from January 23 to March 31,2020 were enrolled as the study group,and transfusion recipients in the same period in 2019 worked as the control group,so as to analyze the changes in age,gender,clinical department,blood transfusion,disease spectrum and the top 15 diseases in the two groups. Results 1) Demographic profiles of blood transfusion recipients did not differ statistically by sex,but by age,i.e. a comparable decrease of patients aged at 0-20 years old was observed during the study period. Significant decrease in the number of recipients were notable by all clinical departments,and specific differences could be further noticed when stratifying by departments:hospitalized patients in Hematology Department increased(P<0.05)and those in Cardiac Surgery,Oncology Department and other departments(including Cardiovascular Medicine,Burn,Ophthalmology,Dermatology,Pediatrics and Neurology)decreased(P<0.05). 2)Blood transfusion recipients in early 2020 decreased by 45%(428 vs 757)as compared with early 2019. whose blood type profile remained the same. The consumption(U) of red blood cell suspension,plasma,apheresis platelet,whole blood and cryoprecipitate decreased by 38%(1 545.1 vs 2 496),27%(4 168.1 vs 5 745),21%(396.2 vs 502.2),94%(1 vs 17.5),and 17%(1 617.5 vs 1 950.2),and autotransfusion increased by 800%(27 vs 3).3) The greater proportion of top 3 in disease profile(digestive system diseases,tumors,and blood system diseases)during the study period was observed as compared identically with 2019(76% vs 67%). Also a decline in the number and proportion of hospitalized patients in Circulatory,Respiratory,Musculoskeletal,Urogenital,Nervous,and Obstetrics Department were noticed. 4)Obvious

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 新型冠状病毒肺炎 输血 疾病谱 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]