新疆南疆地区4个地方绵羊品种微卫星标记的遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Four Local Sheep Breeds in Southern Xinjiang by Microsatellite Markers

作　　者：赵冰茹 毋状元 董红[3] 霍飞[3] 陈童[3] 罗永明[3] 王岳强 季斐 郑新宝[3] ZHAO Bingru;WU Zhuangyuan;DONG Hong;HUO Fei;CHEN Tong;LUO Yongming;WANG Yueqiang;JI Fei;ZHENG Xinbao(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Xinjiang Altay Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Altay 836501,China;Institute of Animal Science,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]新疆阿勒泰地区畜牧兽医站,新疆阿勒泰836501 [3]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第10期29-34,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区肉羊重点研发计划项目(2017B01005)。

摘　　要：该研究利用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)和国际动物遗传学会(ISAG)推荐的9个微卫星引物,结合荧光标记PCR对新疆南疆地区4个地方绵羊(Ovis aries)品种的遗传多样性进行研究,为中国地方绵羊品种资源保护和种质创新提供参考。结果表明:共检测到136个等位基因,平均有效等位基因数在5.20~6.03之间,以等位基因为基础,得出群体平均杂合度在0.7146~0.8573之间,座位的平均杂合度在0.7497~0.8600之间。对各微卫星标记进行F-统计分析,Fst的变化范围从MCM140的0.0222到BM1314的0.0545;基因流平均值为6.4686。9个微卫星座位均呈现高度多态,表明新疆南疆地区4个地方绵羊品种有着丰富的遗传多样性。遗传距离表明柯尔克孜羊和巴音布鲁克羊的距离最远,多浪羊和巴尔楚克羊的距离最近。聚类分析表明多浪羊群体单独聚为一类,巴尔楚克羊和柯尔克孜羊聚为一类,这与品种起源、育成历史及地理分布基本一致。研究结果提示,新疆南疆地区绵羊遗传多样性较为丰富,保护与利用价值较高,这些信息可为新疆现有地方绵羊品种类型的划分和品种资源遗传多样性的保护和利用提供科学依据。Genetic diversity of four local sheep populations in southern Xinjiang were investigated using 9 microsatellite DNA markers and fluorescence PCR,which recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)and the International Society for Animal Genetics(ISAG).The aim was to provide reference for resource protection and germplasm innovation of Chinese local sheep.The results showed that a total of 136 alleles were detected,the number of average effective alleles ranged from 5.20 to 6.03,the average heterozygosity of the population ranged from 0.7146 to 0.8573,and the average heterozygosity of the loci ranged from 0.7497 to 0.8600.The F-statistic analysis indicated that the Fst of different locus varied from 0.0222(in MCM140)to 0.0545(in BM1314).The average gene flow(Nm)was 6.4686.9 microsatellite loci showed high polymorphism,indicating that four local sheep breeds in southern Xinjiang have abundant genetic diversity.In the UPGMA tree based on Nei's standard genetic distance,Kirgiz sheep and Bayin brooker sheep were most genetically distant,and Duolang sheep and Balchuk sheep were genetically nearest.Duolang sheep was a single group,and Balchuk sheep and Kirgiz sheep were in the closely related.The dendrogram relationship between different sheep breeds was generally in accordance with their origins,breeding history and localities.These results suggested that the genetic diversity of sheep in southern Xinjiang is relatively abundant,and the protection and utilization value are also relatively high.These information may provide a scientific basis for the breed classification,conservation and utilization of Xinjiang local sheep.

关 键 词：绵羊 微卫星 遗传多样性 遗传距离 聚类关系 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]