中原地区集约化奶牛场荷斯坦牛泌乳性能影响因素分析  

Factors Influencing Lactation Performance of Holstein in Intensive Dairy Farms in Central Plains

作　　者：栗敏杰 任小丽 张震 闫磊 闫跃飞 白雪利 李静茹 高腾云[1] LI Minjie;REN Xiaoli;ZHANG Zhen;YAN Lei;YAN Yuefei;BAI Xueli;LI Jingru;GAO Tengyun(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Dairy Herd Improvement Center,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省奶牛生产性能测定中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第10期57-61,77,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：现代奶牛产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-36);河南省科技攻关项目(192102110180);濮阳市重大科技专项计划(170106);面向中亚的肉鸡和肉牛高效养殖关键技术集成与示范(161100510200);。

摘　　要：为探讨中原地区荷斯坦牛的泌乳性能随牧场、胎次、产犊年-季和父亲等因素的变化规律及各泌乳性状间的相关性,选择河南省7个集约化奶牛场荷斯坦泌乳牛DHI测定记录及系谱记录,运用SAS 9.4软件中协方差模型分析不同因素及其互作效应对泌乳性能的影响,利用SAS 9.4 CORR过程计算各泌乳性状间的相关性。结果表明:随着产奶量的上升,乳脂率、乳蛋白率及乳中SCC均呈下降趋势,但乳尿素氮呈现上升的趋势;乳脂率、乳蛋白率与乳中SCC间呈正相关。胎次对荷斯坦奶牛日产奶量、乳中SCC有极显著影响(P<0.01);牧场和产犊年-季对产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、SCC和乳尿素氮均有极显著影响(P<0.01);胎次、牧场和产犊年-季的两两互作效应对产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳中SCC和乳尿素氮均有极显著影响(P<0.01);不同父系的遗传因素对产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和乳尿素氮有极显著影响(P<0.01)。该研究结果说明中原地区荷斯坦牛的泌乳性能随产犊季节、胎次、牧场的变化规律与其他地区基本相同,但细节上存在差异。To explore the variation law of milking performance with pastures,parity,calving year-season and sire as well as their correlation,the DHI records and pedigree records of Holstein dairy cows from seven intensive dairy cow farms in Henan province were selected,and the covariance model in SAS 9.4 software was used to analyze the effect of different factors and their interaction on milking performance.Then SAS 9.4 CORR process was used to calculate their correlation.Results showed that with the increase of milk yield,the milk fat rate,milk protein rate and SCC in milk all decreased,but the urea nitrogen presented a rising trend;the milk fat rate,protein rate and SCC were positively correlated.The parity had highly significant effect on daily milk yield and SCC(P<0.01);the pasture and calving year-season had extremely significant effect on milk yield,milk fat rate,milk protein rate,SCC and milk urea nitrogen(P<0.01);the interaction between parity,pasture,and calving year-season had extremely significant effect on milk yield,milk fat rate,milk protein rate,SCC and milk urea nitrogen(P<0.01);the heriditary factors of different patriline had highly significant effect on milk yield,milk fat rate,milk protein rate,SCC and milk urea nitrogen(P<0.01).The research reveals the variation law of milking performance of Holstein cows in central plain area with calving season,parity and pasture is almost the same with that in other areas,but different in details.

关 键 词：荷斯坦奶牛 中原地区 产奶量 乳成分 协方差分析 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]