山橙内生真菌的抑菌活性初步研究  

Antifungal activity of endophytic fungi in Melodinus suaveolens Champ.ex Benth

作　　者：陈琳 黄燕 何博 林长幸 曾东强[1] 唐文伟[1] CHEN Lin;HUANG Yan;HE Bo;LIN Zhang-xing;ZENG Dong-qiang;TANG Wen-wei(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Hengyang Academy of Vegetable Research,Hengyang,Hunan 421000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]衡阳市蔬菜研究所,湖南衡阳421000

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第9期2152-2159,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660529);广西自然科学基金重点项目(2017GXNSFDA198049)。

摘　　要：【目的】从山橙(Melodinus suaveolens Champ.ex Benth)中分离对植物病原真菌具有拮抗活性的内生真菌,为研发新型高效生物农药提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织培养法对山橙进行内生真菌的分离与纯化,结合菌种形态学和18S rDNA序列比对对其内生真菌进行鉴定;采用平板对峙法和菌丝生长速率法测定内生真菌对香蕉枯萎病4号小种、香蕉炭疽病菌和火龙果溃疡病菌等13株供试植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。【结果】从山橙的根、枝和叶中分别分离得到4、5和11株共20株内生真菌,平板对峙测定结果显示其中的菌株M4对白腐盾壳霉菌、向日葵霜霉病菌、禾谷镰刀菌、茄子黄萎病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌和火龙果溃疡病菌等6株植物病原真菌的抑制率均在30.00%以上,表现出较好的抗菌活性。结合形态特征与18S rDNA序列分析鉴定,确定菌株M4为Phanerochaete sp.,其菌株发酵液在20 mg/mL浓度下对马铃薯黄萎病大丽轮枝菌、马铃薯黑白轮枝菌、禾谷镰刀菌、茄子黄萎病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核菌和香蕉枯萎病4号小种等7株病菌均具有一定的抑制作用,其中对禾谷镰刀菌的抑制效果最佳,抑制率为40.92%,显著高于对其他病原菌的抑制率(P<0.05)。【结论】山橙内生真菌富含抑菌活性菌株,蕴藏着潜在的抑菌活性物质,具有良好的应用前景。【Objective】Endophytic fungi with antifungi activity were isolated from Melodinus suaveolens Champ.ex Benth to explore its potential active substances,and it provides a reference for development of new high-efficiency biopesticides.【Method】Tissue culture method was used to isolate and purify the endophytic fungi from M.suaveolens,and the endophytic fungi were identified by morphological analysis and 18 S rDNA gene sequence comparison.The antifungal activities of the fungi against 13 species of plant pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense special Race 4,Colletotrichum musae Berk.et Curt and Neocystidium dimidiatum(Penz.)Crous&Slippers were determined by plate confrontation and growth rate method.【Result】Twenty endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots,branches and leaves of M.suaveolens.Among them,M4 strain had above 30.00%inhibition rate against Coniothyrium diplodiella,Plasmopara halstedii(Farl.)Berl.and Fusarium graminearum Schwabe,Verticillium dahliae,Pyricularia grisea(Cooke)Sacc and N.dimidiatum,showing fine antifungal activities.Combined with morphological characteristics and 18 S rDNA sequence analysis,the strain M4 strain was identified as Phanerochaete sp.,which had inhibition effects on Verticillium dahliae Kleb,V.albo-atrum,F.graminearum Schwabe,V.dahliae,F.oxysporum f.sp.nibeum,Rhizoctonia solanikuhn and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense special Race 4 at the concentration of 20 mg/mL of fermentation broth.The inhibition effects on F.graminearum were the best and the inhibition rate was 40.92%,which was significantly higher than inhibition rates on other fungi(P<0.05).【Conclusion】M.suaveolens endophytic fungi contain antifungal strains,potential antifungal active substances and good promise for application.

关 键 词：山橙 内生真菌 植物病原真菌 生物活性 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]