空心莲子草叶片特征及生长期对莲草直胸跳甲产卵选择的影响  

Effects of Alternanthera philoxeroides leaf characteristics and growth period on oviposition preferences and selection of Agasicles hygrophila Selma&Vogt

作　　者：史梦竹 李建宇[2,3] 池丽霞 马妍丽 郑丽祯[2] 傅建炜 SHI Meng-zhu;LI Jian-yu;CHI Li-xia;MAYan-li;ZHENG Li-zhen;FU Jian-wei(Institute of Quality Standards&Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality&Safety,Fuzhou 350001,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fuzhou 350013,China;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/福建省农产品质量安全重点实验室,福州350001 [2]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/农业农村部福州作物有害生物科学观测实验站,福州350013 [3]福建农林大学/闽台作物有害生物防控国家重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第9期2174-2180,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31901951);国家自然科学基金项目延伸研究项目(GJYS2019002);福建省农业科技重大专项(2017NZ0003-1-1);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(STIT2017-1-12)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确空心莲子草叶片特征及生长期对莲草直胸跳甲产卵选择的影响,为莲草直胸跳甲的大量繁殖及空心莲子草的生物防治提供指导。【方法】采用选择性试验,接虫后24 h测定莲草直胸跳甲对空心莲子草的叶位、叶片性状(长宽比和表皮毛密度)的产卵选择情况;采用笼罩试验,测定空心莲子草生长期(苗期、生长期和老叶期)以及原有落卵量(0、1、2和4块/株)对莲草直胸跳甲产卵选择的影响。【结果】莲草直胸跳甲成虫喜好产卵在叶位3和叶位4上,在叶位3和叶位4上的卵块数和卵粒数分别占总数的81.52%和81.10%,显著高于叶位1和叶位2(P<0.05,下同),且这2个叶位的平均叶片长宽比显著大于叶位1和叶位2;偏好在叶背表皮毛密度适中的叶片产卵。莲草直胸跳甲对空心莲子草叶片背面(95.65%)和靠近叶片端部(61.96%)位置的产卵选择率显著高于叶片正面(4.35%)和叶片基部(38.04%)位置。莲草直胸跳甲对生长期植株和未被产卵的空心莲子草叶片的产卵选择率分别为55.09%和45.26%,显著高于其他处理。【结论】莲草直胸跳甲喜好将卵产在叶片长宽比较大的空心莲子草的叶位3和叶位4,被产卵叶片表皮毛密度适中;莲草直胸跳甲对空心莲子草叶片背面和靠近叶片端部的位置产卵选择率高,且偏好在生长期植株和未被产卵的空心莲子草叶片上产卵。【Objective】The effects of leaf characteristics and growth period of Alternanthera philoxeroides on the oviposition preferences and selection of Agasicles hygrophila Selma&Vogt were determined to provide guidance for the mass rearing of A.hygrophila and biological control of A.philoxeroides.【Method】A selective test was conducted to determine the oviposition of A.hygrophila on different leaf positions and leaf characters(length-width ratio and trichome density)of A.philoxeroides after 24 h,and the effects of A.philoxeroides growing period(seedling stage,growing stage and later growth stage)and the existed egg amount(0,1,2,4 egg clusters per plant)on the oviposition selection of A.hygrophila were studied by cage method.【Result】The results showed that A.hygrophila adults preferred to lay eggs on leaf position3 and leaf position 4,egg clusters and egg number on leaf position 3 and leaf position 4 accounted for 81.52%and81.10%of the total,which were significantly higher than those of leaf positions 1 and 2(P<0.05,the same below).And the average leaf length to width ratio of these two leaf positions was higher than those of leaf position 1 and 2.A.hygrophila adults laid more eggs on leaves with moderate density of trichome on the leaf back.The oviposition selection rate on the leaf back(95.65%)and near the top of the leaves(61.96%)was significantly higher than that of the leaf front(4.35%)and leaf base(38.04%).The oviposition selective rates on the plants during the growing period and on the leaves of A.philoxeroides which were not laid were 55.09%and 45.26%,respectively,which were significantly higher than other treatments.【Conclusion】A.hygrophila likes to lay eggs in the leaves of position 3 and position 4 with the high ratio of leaf length to width and the moderate density of trichome;the oviposition selection rates are higher on the back and near the tip of A.philoxeroides leaves,A.hygrophila adults prefer to lay eggs on the growing plants and on the leaves of A.philoxeroides without eggs.

关 键 词：莲草直胸跳甲 空心莲子草 产卵选择 叶片特征 生长期 落卵量 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]