一种基于TDOA的多天线联合测角算法  

A Multi-antenna Joint Angle Measurement AlgorithmBased on TDOA

作　　者：刘燕都 焦义文 马宏 吴涛 陈永强 LIU Yandu;JIAO Yiwen;MA Hong;WU Tao;CHEN Yongqiang(Department of Optical and Electronics Engineering,Aerospace Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China)

机构地区：[1]航天工程大学电子与光学工程系,北京101416

出　　处：《电讯技术》2020年第11期1317-1324,共8页Telecommunication Engineering

摘　　要：针对分布式多天线系统中传统测角方法存在测量精度偏低、宽带信号不适用等问题,提出了一种基于时延差(Time Difference of Arrival,TDOA)测量的多天线二维测角算法。该算法基于最小二乘原理,综合利用多基线测量结果进行迭代计算,有效提高了估计精度,且无需解模糊。推导了算法的克拉美罗界(Cramér-Rao Lower Bound,CRLB)与均方根误差表达式,讨论了算法的测角性能。当天线数为7、天线间距100 m、时延估计精度优于10μs时,测角精度接近CRLB,方位角精度优于3°,俯仰角精度优于4°。算法复杂度适中,能够应用到多天线无源侦察、空间目标跟踪等应用中。In the distributed multi-antenna system,there are some problems in the traditional angle measurement method,such as low accuracy,inapplicability for wideband signal.To solve these problems,a 2-D angle measurement algorithm based on time difference of arrival(TDOA)is proposed.Based on the principle of least square,the algorithm makes use of the multi-baseline measurement results to carry out iterative calculation,which effectively improves the estimation accuracy and does not need to solve the ambiguity.The Cramér-Rao low bound(CRLB)and root mean square error(RMSE)expressions of the algorithm are derived,and the angle measurement performance of the algorithm is discussed.When the number of antennas is 7,the antenna spacing is 100 m,and the delay estimation accuracy is better than 10μs,the angle measurement accuracy is close to CRLB,the azimuth accuracy is better than 3°,and the elevation accuracy is better than 4°.The complexity of the algorithm is moderate,and it can be applied in passive multi-antenna reconnaissance,space target tracking and so on.

关 键 词：分布式多天线系统 测控系统 测角 时延差测量 

分 类 号：TN953[电子电信—信号与信息处理]