北部湾海雾特点及海陆大雾差异分析  

Characteristics of Sea Fogs in Beibu Gulf and Differences between Heavy Fogs over Sea and Land

作　　者：郑凤琴 周绍毅 韦晶晶 郭晓薇 卢小凤 ZHENG Fengqin;ZHOU Shaoyi;WEI Jingjing;GUO Xiaowei;LU Xiaofeng(Guangxi Meteorological Service Center,Nanning 530022)

机构地区：[1]广西气象服务中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象科技》2020年第5期717-722,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFAA380330)资助。

摘　　要：基于2016-2017年北部湾海洋气象浮标站、海岛站、内陆站的观测资料,对北部湾海雾的季节变化、生消特征和持续时间进行了统计分析,并探讨了海上和陆地大雾的差异性。结果表明:①2016年北部湾出现海雾37d,2017年为19d;3月海雾日数最多,4月次之,12月和6-10月未出现海雾;一天中出现雾的峰值时间为03:00-05:00,雾消散峰值时间为08:00-10:00;雾的维持时间绝大部分在3h以内。②北部湾不同的地域和下垫面,雾的生消时间有所不同,海上雾(浮标站)的出现时间较海岛雾(涠洲岛站)、沿岸陆地雾(北海站)约提前3h左右,消散时间推迟约3h左右。③北部湾海雾绝大多数发生在风速小于等于5m/s的情况下,以1~3m/s最为适宜,海上雾多出现在NNE-SE情况下,沿岸雾偏南风居多;95%的海雾出现在海水温度低于25.0℃条件下。Based on the data of buoy,island and inland stations of the Beibu Gulf from 2016 to 2017,the seasonal variation,occurrence and disappearance characteristics,and duration of fogs and the difference between sea and land heavy fogs are statistically analyzed.The result shows that the number of sea fog days occurred in 2016 is 37 and 19 in 2017.The largest number of sea fog days occurred in March;the second is in April;and there was no sea fog occurred in December and from June to October every year.The peak time of sea fog appearing was 03:00 to 05:00,and the peak time of dissipation was 08:00 to10:00.The duration of sea fog maintenance was within 3 hours.The generation time of sea fogs was different in different areas and underlying surfaces over the Beibu Gulf.The generation time of sea fogs(buoy stations)was about 3 hours earlier than those of island fogs(Weizhou Station)and coastal fogs(Beihai Station),and the dissipation time was about 3 hours later.The sea fogs over the Beibu Gulf mostly took place under the condition when wind speed was less than 5 m/s(l to 3 m/s is most suitable)and wind direction was NNE to SE;ninety-five percent of sea fogs occurred when the sea water temperature was lower than 25.0℃.

关 键 词：大雾 海陆大雾差异 北部湾 海雾 

分 类 号：P47[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]