城市洪涝模拟技术研究进展及发展趋势  

Research progress and development trend of urban flood simulation technology

作　　者：臧文斌[1,2] 赵雪 李敏[1,2] 薛轩柱[4] ZANG Wenbin;ZHAO Xue;LI Min;XUE Xuanzhu(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of MWR,Beijing 100038;Flood Control and Drought Relief Office of Kunming,Kunming 650500;Heze College of Chemical Technology,Heze 274500)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [3]云南省昆明市防汛抗旱办公室,昆明650500 [4]山东省菏泽化工高级技工学校,菏泽274500

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2020年第11期1-13,共13页China Flood & Drought Management

摘　　要：在全球气候变化与快速城镇化背景下,我国城市洪涝灾害频发,洪涝数值模拟技术已成为城市水利和防灾减灾领域的研究热点。首先,从地表产流、地表坡面汇流、河网/管网汇流3个方面回顾了城市水文过程计算方法的发展历程。其次,从科学研究和工程级应用两个视角,阐述了城市洪涝模型发展动态。再次,从城市洪涝模拟、立交桥积水模拟、地下空间淹水模拟、建模尺度对洪涝模拟影响以及复杂数据条件下洪涝模拟5个方面对城市洪涝模型构建技术发展动态进行综述。最后,围绕洪涝全过程物理机制模拟、精细化模拟、高性能计算、面向多目标的多尺度嵌套模拟、服务社会大众、模型+等方面探讨了城市洪涝模拟技术的未来发展趋势。In the context of global climate change and rapid urbanization,floods frequently occur in urban areas around China.Flood numerical simulation technology has become a research hotspot in the field of urban water conservancy and disaster prevention and mitigation.This paper reviews the development history of urban hydrolog⁃ical process calculation methods from three aspects:surface runoff generation,surface slope convergence,and riv⁃er network/pipe network convergence.Following the review,the development trend of urban flood model is ex⁃plained from the perspectives of scientific research and engineering-level application.Subsequently,the develop⁃ment trend of urban flood model construction technology is summarized from five aspects:flood simulation of ur⁃ban,overpass accumulated water simulation,flood simulation of underground space,impact of modeling scale on flood simulation and flood simulation under complex data conditions.Finally,the future development trend of ur⁃ban flood simulation technology is discussed in terms of physical mechanism simulation of the whole flood pro⁃cess,refined simulation,high-performance computing,multi-scale nested simulation for multi-objectives,service to the public,and model+.

关 键 词：城市水文 城市洪涝模型 精细化模拟 嵌套模拟 

分 类 号：TU998.4[建筑科学—市政工程] P331[天文地球—水文科学]