硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂防治奶牛干乳期乳房炎的效果研究  

Efficacy of Intramammary Cefquinome Sulfate for Treatment and Prevention of Cow Mastitis in Dry Period

作　　者：李亚菲 高燕[2] 元波 王林[2] 梁先明[3] 周淑贞[4] 曾振灵 LI Ya-fei;GAO Yan;YUAN Bo;WANG Lin;LIANG Xian-ming;ZHOU Shu-zhen;ZENG Zhen-ling(Public Monitoring Center for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510640,China;Veterinary College,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510642,China;China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control,Beijing,100081,China;Foshan Easternlong Co.Ltd,Foshan,Guangdong,528324,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农产品公共监测中心,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学兽医学院,广州510642 [3]中国兽医药品监察所,北京100081 [4]佛山市南海东方澳龙制药有限公司,佛山528324

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2020年第11期125-132,共8页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0500300);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2016A030310324)。

摘　　要：研究硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂对干奶期奶牛乳房炎的防治效果,为该药在临床的应用提供参考。选择75头即将进入干奶期的奶牛,随机分为5组,分别为高、中、低剂量的硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂3 g(300、150、75 mg)/支、对照药物氨苄西林钠-苄星氯唑西林钠乳房注入剂4.5 g(氨苄西林0.25 g+苄星氯唑西林0.5 g)/支治疗组及不给药组。测定头孢喹肟对3种奶牛乳房炎病原菌(大肠埃希菌、葡萄球菌和链球菌)的体外敏感性。受试药物的中、高剂量组和对照药物对进入干乳期奶牛乳房感染病原菌有较好的细菌学治愈作用,对整个干乳期过程中主要病原菌的新感染有较好的预防作用,可用于干乳期奶牛乳房炎的防治。每个感染乳区使用高剂量与中剂量头孢喹肟相比较,细菌学治愈率、新感染率和乳汁体细胞改善效果基本相当,无显著差异。体外敏感性试验结果显示,来自养殖场分离的大肠埃希菌、葡萄球菌和链球菌对头孢喹肟较敏感。结果表明,硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂按1支(3 g∶150 mg)/(乳区·次)干乳前用药1次,可有效预防和治疗由大埃希杆菌、葡萄球菌和链球菌引起的奶牛乳房炎。The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cefquinome sulfate intramammary infusion(dry cow)for the prevention and treatment of mastitis and provide reference for the use in clinic.On the day of dry off,75 cows were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups to receive one of 5 treatments.The groups comprised three doses of cefquinome sulfate 3 g(high:300 mg,medium:150mg,low:75 mg),ampicillin and cloxacillin benzathine intramammary infusion(dry cow)4.5 g(0.25 g of ampicillin and 0.5 g of cloxacillin benzathine)and no treatment.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of cefquinome against three kinds of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dairy cow mastitis(Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae)were determined.Treatment of either cefquinome sulfate intramammary infusion(high,medium and low dosage)or ampicillin and cloxacillin benzathine intramammary infusion was effective in eliminating the existing pathogens(E.coli,Staphylococcus and Streptococcus)and preventing new infections.These treatments can be used in dry period for prevention and control of dairy cow mastitis.Besides,there were no significant differences between the high and medium dose of cefquinome sulfate in their bacterial cure rate,new infection rate and somatic cell counting.In vitro sensitivity results showed that E.coli,Staphylococcus and Streptococcus isolated from the farm were still sensitive to cefquinome.The results demonstrated that the utility of intramammary cefquinome sulfate(150 mg for one quarter once)was effective in the prevention and treatment of intramammary infection during the nonlactating period of dairy cattle in this herd.

关 键 词：头孢喹肟 干乳期奶牛 乳房炎 药效 最小抑菌浓度 

分 类 号：S854.53[农业科学—临床兽医学]