2017年中国大陆松材线虫病灾害经济损失评估  

Economic loss assessment of pine wilt disease in China's Mainland in 2017

作　　者：张旭 赵京京 闫峻 方国飞 黄季夏 Zhang Xu;Zhao Jingjing;Yan Jun;Fang Guofei;Huang Jixia(Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Pest Monitoring and Warning,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]林业有害生物监测预警国家林业局重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]北京林业大学教育部森林培育与保护重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2020年第10期96-106,共11页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中国科技部重点研发专项(2018YFC1200400、2019YFA0606600);国家科技重大专项(No.21-Y30B02-9001-19/22-7)。

摘　　要：【目的】作为一种外来入侵生物,松材线虫的传播对我国林业生产和生态环境产生了巨大影响,造成了严重的经济损失。开展松材线虫病灾害经济损失评估,不仅为制定灾害防控方案、评价灾害控制效果提供重要依据,而且能够科学指导各地区有效防控松材线虫病,有利于提高森林经营水平。【方法】本研究通过创新性的结合,构建了一套实用性较强的松材线虫病灾害经济损失评估指标体系,并且基于市场经济学和生态系统服务价值评估的理论,综合应用直接市场法、替代市场法和动态当量因子法,对2017年中国大陆松材线虫病在省级尺度上的灾害经济损失进行了定量评估,评估结果包括直接经济损失和间接经济损失。【结果】评估结果显示,2017年中国大陆松材线虫病总成灾面积达85524 hm2,造成经济损失约195亿元,其中直接经济损失35亿元,间接经济损失160亿元。华东地区为松材线虫病灾害重灾区,总计成灾面积43883 hm2,造成经济损失101亿元,占中国大陆松材线虫病灾害经济损失的52%,其中直接经济损失占9%,间接经济损失占43%。2017年中国大陆松材线虫病灾害受灾最为严重的省份为浙江省,全省经济损失总计为41亿元,直接经济损失7亿元,间接经济损失34亿元。松材线虫病灾害经济损失在各地区都表现出间接经济损失远大于直接经济损失,两者相比平均为4.6倍。直接经济损失包括森林物质资源损失、防治费用和无效营林费用损失,单位面积直接经济损失分别为21800、1783和17302元/hm2。间接经济损失包括调节服务价值损失、支持服务价值损失和文化服务价值损失,单位面积间接经济损失平均分别为77981、70057和7741元/hm2。【结论】2017年中国大陆松材线虫病灾害主要发生在南方地区,华东、华南地区为重灾区,浙江省和广东省分别表现为省级尺度的灾害空间聚集中心。松材�[Objective]As a kind of alien invasive organism,the spread of pine wilt disease has had a great impact on China’s forestry production and ecological environment,causing serious economic losses.Carrying out economic loss assessment of pine wood nematode disease not only provides an important basis for formulating disaster prevention and control programs and evaluating disaster control effects,but also scientifically guids various areas to effectively prevent and control pine wilt disease,which is conducive to improving the level of forest management.[Method]Through a combination of innovations,this study constructed a set of practical evaluation index system for economic loss of pine wilt disease,and based on the theory of market economics and ecosystem service value evaluation,comprehensive application of direct market method.The alternative market method and the dynamic equivalent factor method were used to quantitatively assess the economic losses of pine wilt disease in China's Mainland on the provincial scale in 2017.The assessment results included direct economic losses and indirect economic losses.[Result]The evaluation results showed that the total area of pine wilt disease in China's Mainland reached 85524 ha in 2017,resulting in economic losses of about 19.5 billion CNY,including direct economic losses of 3.5 billion CNY and indirect economic losses of 16 billion CNY.The East China region was the hardest hit area of pine wilt disease,with a total disaster area of 43883 ha,resulting in economic losses of 10.1 billion CNY,accounting for 52%of the national economic loss of pine wilt disease,of which direct economic losses accounted for 9%,indirect economic losses accounted for 43%.In 2017,the province with the most serious pine wood nematode disaster was Zhejiang Province.The province’s economic losses totaled 4.1 billion CNY,direct economic losses were 700 million CNY,and indirect economic losses were 3.4 billion CNY.The economic loss of pine wood nematode disease had shown that indirect economic losse

关 键 词：松材线虫病 省级 直接经济损失 间接经济损失 定量评估 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]