基于根茎叶定量概化模型的植被区沿程波高衰减机制试验研究  

Experimental investigation on wave decay through vegetation patch with the quantitative generalized model of root,stem and leaf

作　　者：曾思益 陈杰[1,2,3] 蒋昌波 何飞[1] 隆院男 屈科[1,2,3] 邓斌[1,2,3] 伍志元 Zeng Siyi;Chen Jie;Jiang Changbo;He Fei;Long Yuannan;Qu Ke;Deng Bin;Wu Zhiyuan(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Water Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2020年第10期117-125,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51839002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979014);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目重点项目(18A123)。

摘　　要：【目的】红树林作为一种新型生态式的护岸工具,其消波效应已成为海岸工程研究热点。本文对红树林根、茎、叶不同组成部分进行定量研究,进一步探究红树林对波浪的消减效应。【方法】采取定量概化的根茎叶植物模型,通过波浪水槽试验探究了红树林植被区沿程波高衰减机制。将Kobayashi等提出的理论模型计算所得的植被区沿程波高理论值与试验值进行对比。【结果】研究发现,由Kobayashi等提出的理论模型计算所得的试验波高衰减系数的范围分别为0.02~0.47。当入射波波长与植被区沿流向长度之比趋于1时,消波强度最弱。同时波浪在植被区衰减过程中出现了边界效应及波浪跃增现象,波高增量比的范围为0~13%。当波长与植被区沿流向长度之比在1.0~1.2之间,且淹没度等于1.0时,跃增高度随叶的分布密度的减小而增大,随根的分布密度的减小而减小。而当淹没度等于0.8时,减小根或叶的分布密度,跃增高度均减小。【结论】根和叶的分布密度、淹没度以及波长与植被区沿流向长度之比均会对植被区沿程波高衰减规律产生不同程度的影响。[Objective]Mangrove forest has become a research focus due to its functions as a newly ecological protector of shorelines.In order to quantify research the root,stem and leaf of mangrove forest,this study aims to experimentally investigate wave height decay along the quantitative generalized vegetation patch with root,stem and leaf.[Method]The wave height calculated by the formula of Kobayashi was compared with experimental data.[Result]The results showed that wave damping factors ranged from 0.02 to 0.47.The wave attenuation was lowest as the wave length of incident waves was equal to the length of the vegetation patch.And the boundary effect and wave height increment were observed as wave propagating over the vegetation patch.The relative wave height increment varied from 0 to 13%.When the submergence ratio ranged between 1.0 and 1.2,lower arrangement densities of leaves and roots resulted in higher and lower wave height increment,respectively.Additionally,the relative wave height increment was decreasing with a decreasing arrangement density of roots or leaves when submergence ratio equaled to 0.8.[Conclusion]The variation of wave height along the vegetation patch appears to depending on arrangement density,submergence ratio and wave length to the length of vegetation patch.

关 键 词：波高衰减 根 叶 分布密度 淹没度 定量概化植物模型 

分 类 号：S727.26[农业科学—林木遗传育种]