加氢精制催化剂载体材料的研究进展  

Recent progress in the support materials of hydrotreating catalysts

作　　者：焦金庆 赵震[1,3] 段爱军[1] JIAO Jinqing;ZHAO Zhen;DUAN Aijun(State Key Laboratory of Heavy 0il Processing,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Bcijing 102249,China;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering,Qingdao 266071,China;Research lnstitute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院,青岛266071 [3]沈阳师范大学能源与环境催化研究所,沈阳110034

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2020年第5期554-563,共10页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21676298,21878330,U1463207,21503152);沈阳市双百工程资助项目(Z17-5-056)。

摘　　要：为了解决机动车排放SO_x引起的环境问题,生产高品质低硫清洁油品成为全球亟待解决的任务之一。加氢精制工艺是满足油品质量升级最有效的方式,而高活性加氢精制催化剂的开发是实现原油清洁生产利用的关键核心技术。本文主要总结了汽、柴油加氢精制(脱硫)催化剂载体的研究进展,包括复合氧化物、微孔分子筛、介孔材料及介微孔复合材料。复合氧化物可以减弱Al_2O_3与活性组分间强的相互作用力,进而有利于调变活性金属的分散状态。微孔分子筛的强酸性有利于4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩等反应物的C-S键的断裂和异构脱硫活性的提高。介孔材料有序的孔道结构有利于大分子含硫化合物的扩散和活性位的可接近性提高。介微孔复合材料融合了微孔分子筛强酸性和介孔材料有序孔结构的优点,是我们课题组目前材料合成研究的重点方向之一。同时,本文比较了不同种类载体对加氢精制催化剂物化性质及活性的影响,并展望了加氢精制催化剂载体的发展方向。The production of high-quality clean oil with low sulfur has become one of the most urgent and important tasks for solving the environmental problems induced by SOx emissions of engine vehicles.Hydrofining process is the most effective way to upgrade the quality of oil products.The development of high activity hydrofining catalyst is the key technology to realize the clean utilization of crude oil.In this review article,the research process of the support materials for hydrotreating(hydrodesulfurization)catalysts is summarized,including composite oxides,microporous zeolites,mesoporous materials,and micro/mesoporous composites.It is demonstrated that composite oxides could weaken the interaction between active metals and Al2O3 supports,then it favors metals dispersion.The strong acidity of the microporous zeolites contributes to the breaking of C-S bond and the enhancement in desulfurization activities for 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene and its alkylated derivates by hydroisomerization.Mesoporous materials with open pores and high surface areas are in favor of the diffusion of macromolecules containing sulfur compounds and the accessibility of the active sites.Moreover,the support with a micro/mesoporous hierarchical structure,which takes advantage of a large number of acid sites of microporous zeolites and the well ordered pore structures of mesoporous materials,is one of the research focuses at present in our group.The effects of various supports on the physicochemical properties and activities of hydrofining catalysts were compared,and the prospect of the support materials of hydrotreating catalyst was outlined.

关 键 词：加氢精制 催化剂 载体 复合氧化物 微孔分子筛 介孔材料 介微孔复合材料 

分 类 号：Q939.97[生物学—微生物学]