添加菌糠对鸡粪-烟末堆肥腐熟度及污染气体排放的影响  

Effects of Spent Mushroom Substrate on the Maturity and Gaseous Emissions in Co-Composting of Chicken Manure and Tobacco Wastes

作　　者：张邦喜 罗文海[2] 杨仁德[1] 柳玲玲[1] 魏全全[1] 李国学 ZHANG Bangxi;LUO Wenhai;YANG Rende;LIU Lingling;WEI Quanquan;LI Guoxue(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《核农学报》2020年第11期2578-2586,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黔科合支撑(2018)2341号,黔科服企[2018]4008;国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800601)。

摘　　要：为探索鸡粪-烟末混合堆肥体系合适的菌糠投入量,减轻堆肥过程中污染气体的排放,通过35 d的堆肥试验,设置3个菌糠投入量[0(CK)、5%、10%],研究鸡粪-烟末堆肥条件下添加菌糠对堆肥腐熟度和污染气体排放的影响。结果表明,堆肥处理堆体温度均能在55℃持续8 d以上,达无害化标准。与CK相比,添加5%、10%菌糠处理堆肥产品对作物生长无毒害作用,腐熟度得到有效改善,但均未达到腐熟标准;添加5%菌糠处理总有机碳(TOC)损失降低了2.39个百分点,总氮(TN)损失降低了8.92个百分点;添加10%菌糠处理TOC损失增加了0.27个百分点,但TN损失降低了11.89个百分点。综合考虑堆肥腐熟度、碳氮损失和环境效应,添加菌糠作为膨松剂能够提升堆肥腐熟度并减少污染气体排放,更有利于农业废弃物肥料化的可持续发展。This study investigated the performance of spent mushroom substrate(SMS)as a bulking agent to alleviate gaseous emissions and optimize product maturity in co-composting of chicken manure and tobacco wastes.SMS were mixed completely into composting piles for 35 days at three addition ratios(i.e.0%,5%,and 10%of total wet weight of raw composting materials).Results showed that the composting temperature for all treatments could maintain at above 55℃for more than 8 days,which conforms to the Chinese Hygienic Standards for Non-hazardous Disposal of Night Soil.Although adding 5%or 10%SMS to composting piles could effectively improve the compost maturity and exert no toxic effects on crop growth,all treatments failed to meet the maturity standard.Moreover,compared with the control treatment,treatments with 5%SMS addition reduced the TOC and TN losses by 2.39 and 8.9 percent,respectively.By contrast,TOC loss was enhanced by 0.27 percent while TN loss was reduced by 11.89 percent when the SMS addition was increased by 10%.Results obtained from this study suggested that SMS as a bulking agent at a suitable addition proportion could efficiently improve composting performance in terms of gaseous emissions and maturity in chicken manure and tobacco wastes co-composting.It provides important reference value for the utilization of agricultural organic wastes in composting and the reduction of agricultural pollution gas emission.

关 键 词：鸡粪-烟末 堆肥 腐熟度 排放特征 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X705[农业科学—农业基础科学]