科尔沁不同类型沙丘土壤水分时空变化特征及其环境影响因子  

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Soil Moisture and Environmental Impact Factors in Different Types of Dunes in Horqin

作　　者：王宇祥 刘廷玺[1,2] 段利民 童新[1,2] 王海英 WANG Yuxiang;LIU Tingxi;DUAN Limin;TONG Xin;WANG Haiying(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization,Hohhot 010018;Water Conservancy Work Station,Tongliao Pastoral Area,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Tongliao,Inner Mongolia 028000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区通辽市牧区水利工作站,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第6期125-134,142,共11页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究、地区、青年项目(51620105003,51869017,51809141);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT_17R60);科技部重点领域创新团队项目(2015RA4013);内蒙古自治区草原英才产业创新人才团队、内蒙古农业大学寒旱区水资源利用创新团队项目(NDTD2010-6)。

摘　　要：为了深入探究半干旱地区沙丘土壤水分时空变化特征及其与环境因子关系,以科尔沁沙地为研究区,综合运用原位观测、数值模拟和冗余分析等方法,对沙丘土壤水分的时空变化特征、变异性、水平衡及其与环境因子的定量关系进行研究。结果表明:沙丘土壤水分在垂直剖面呈现出由半流动沙丘“镜像S”形逐渐过渡为阴坡固定沙丘“S”形的趋势,在时间尺度上呈“正态分布”形;半流动、半固定和阴坡固定沙丘土壤水分变异性随深度的增加逐渐减弱,半阳坡固定沙丘呈“S”形分布,最大变异系数为75.45%,均属中等变异;半流动和半固定沙丘水分主要消耗于深层渗漏,分别占总水量的57.35%和54.56%,半阳坡固定和阴坡固定沙丘水分主要消耗于植被蒸腾,分别占总水量的77.15%和54.88%;沙丘土壤水分影响因子具有差异性,容重、砂粒含量、粉粒含量和饱和导水率是影响半流动、半固定和半阳坡固定沙丘土壤水分的主要环境因子,而有机质、砂粒含量、粉粒含量和饱和导水率是阴坡固定沙丘土壤水分的主要影响因子。研究表明,半阳坡固定沙丘小叶锦鸡儿易消耗深层土壤水,造成土壤干燥化,草本和半灌木有利于深层土壤水分保持。In order to deeply explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil moisture in dunes in semi-arid areas and its relationship with environmental factors,this study selected the Horqin Sandy Land,as the study area.Based on in-situ observation,numerical simulation,and redundant analysis,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics,variability,water balance and quantitative relationship of the environmental factors of soil moisture in dune were studied.The results showed that the soil moisture in the dune shows a trend of a gradual transition from a“mirror S”type of moving sand dunes to an“S”type of fixed dunes,and a“normal distribution”on the time scale.The soil water variability of the semi-flow,semi-fixed,and shady fixed dune gradually decreased with the increase of depth,and the half sun slope fixed dune showed an“S”type distribution with a maximum coefficient of variation of 75.45%,all of which were moderately variable.The water in the semi-flow and semi-fixed dunes was mainly consumed by deep leakage,accounting for 57.35%and 54.56%of the total water,respectively.The half sun slope fixed and shady fixed dunes moisture was mainly consumed in vegetation transpiration,accounting for 77.15%and 54.88%of the total water.The factors affecting soil moisture in dune were different.Bulk density,sand content,silt content,and saturated hydraulic conductivity were the main factors affecting soil moisture in semi-flow,semi-fixed,and shady fixed dunes.However,organic matter,sand content,silt content,and saturated hydraulic conductivity were the main influencing factors of soil moisture in the half sun slope fixed dunes.Study showed that the half sun slope fixed dunes are easy to consume the deep soil water,causing soil desiccation,and herbs and semi-shrubs are conducive to deep soil moisture retention.

关 键 词：HYDRUS-1D 土壤贮水量 变异性 水平衡 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]