微纳米磁性粒子对膜生物反应器运行效能的影响  

Effect of magnetic microparticles and nanoparticles on the performance of membrane bioreactor

作　　者：张王超 郭洪成 郭冀峰 李继香[2,3] ZHANG Wangchao;GUO Hongcheng;GUO Jifeng;LI Jixiang(Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology in Arid Areas,Ministry of Education,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201210,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710064 [2]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201210 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2020年第10期2719-2727,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878646);国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0116300);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2017353);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JM-429)。

摘　　要：针对膜生物反应器(MBR)应用中膜污染这一难题,构建了3套MBR系统对比研究了微纳米磁性粒子对MBR运行效能的影响,包括污染物去除效果、污泥混合液特性、膜污染情况等;并基于高通量测序技术,深入分析了微生物群落演替规律与MBR运行效能的关系。结果表明:微纳米磁性粒子的引入均未在污染物去除方面产生负面影响,MBR出水COD浓度低于50 mg·L^-1,出水NH-N维持在5 mg·L^-1以下,均可达到国家污水排放标准一级A标准(GB 18918-2002);微纳米磁性粒子的引入均有效减缓了膜污染,并且微米尺度材料延缓效果更显著。膜污染组分分析表明:不同粒径磁性材料引入均有效降低了SMP、LB-EPS各组分浓度;同时有效减少了反应器中大分子物质含量,增加了小分子物质含量,因而降低了膜污染速率。微生物群落分析表明,微纳米磁性粒子的引入可能抑制了应器中易引起膜污染的先锋物种Alphaproteobacteria的生长,有效延缓了膜污染,并且微米粒径材料抑制效果更显著。研究结果可为磁活性污泥法调控MBR膜污染的工程应用提供参考。In order to alleviate the problem of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor(MBR),three MBRs were built to investigate the effects of magnetic microparticles and nanoparticles on their performance,including the pollutants removal,properties of sludge mixed liquor and membrane fouling.High-throughput sequencing was used to deeply analyze the relation between the succession of microbial community and MBR performance.Results showed that the addition of magnetic microparticles or nanoparticles had no adverse impact on NH4+-N were lower than 50 mg·L^-1 and 5 mg·L^-1,respectively,which could meet the first-class A standard of Chinese sewage discharge standard(GB 18918-2002).The addition of microparticles or nanoparticles can effectively alleviate membrane pollution,and the alleviation effect of magnetic microparticles was more significant.Analysis of membrane fouling components showed that the additions of magnetic materials with different sizes could effectively reduce the concentrations of SMP and LB-EPS components,and effectively reduce the content of macromolecules,but increase the content of small molecules,thereby the membrane fouling rate decreased.Microbial community analysis showed that the addition of microparticles or nanoparticles may inhibit the growth of pioneer species of Alphaproteobacteria indcuing membrane fouling,and the membrane fouling was effectively alleviated.Moreover,the magnetic microparticles also presented the better performance than nanoparticles.This study is expected to provide reference for engineering practice of regulating membrane fouling of MBR with magnetic activated sludge process.

关 键 词：膜污染 磁性材料 磁活性污泥 先锋物种 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]