东亚数学史研究需要区域文化视野  

The Need of Regional Cultural Perspectives in the Study of the East Asian History of Mathematics

作　　者：徐泽林 XU Zelin(Institute of History,School of Humanities,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学人文学院历史研究所,上海200051

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2020年第3期360-374,共15页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“江户时代日本学者对《授时历》的历理分析与算法改进”(项目编号:11873024);东华大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目“中华文明及其现代转型研究基地”(项目编号:2232019H-02)。

摘　　要：东亚传统数学史作为科学史重要研究领域已有百余年发展历程,在东亚各国现代数学与科学史学科建制化过程中不断走向繁荣,从为民族科学文化辩护的研究取向走向多元化研究取向。东亚各国民族本位立场的数学史研究,削弱了汉字文化圈传统文化间的原生文化与次生文化关系,对一些历史问题产生误识。中国改革开放后,高举科学主义旗帜的李约瑟、薮内清和吴文俊的数学史学术思想和研究方法影响了中算史研究,但文化民族主义仍然持续影响中算史研究。文章通过一些具体研究案例,说明中算史研究对和算史研究之意义和作用,和算史研究对中算史研究也有重要作用;笔者认为以汉字文化圈整体视域研究东亚数学史,不仅历史资料互补,能够澄清一些历史疑难问题,而且可以深化对各国传统数学的理解与认知。As an important research field of the history of science, the history of traditional mathematics in East Asia has been studied for more than a century. The studies in this field has continued to prosper in the process of the institutionalization of modern mathematics and the history of science in East Asian countries, but with a shift in research orientation from defending national scientific culture to diversified research. The nationalistic research position has weakened the relationship between the original culture and the secondary cultures among the traditional cultures of the Chinese character culture circle, and has caused misunderstanding in relation to some historical issues. After China’s reform and opening up, the research ideas and methods of Joseph Needham(1900-1995), Yabuuchi Kiyoshi(1906-2000) and Wu Wenjun(1919-2017), who held high the banner of scientism, have brought changes to the studies of the history of traditional mathematics in China, but the influence of cultural nationalism has continued. This article illustrates with some specific case studies that the study of the history of Chinese traditional mathematics is of significant reference to the study of the history of wasan, and vice versa. A regional cultural approach will not only contribute to the complimentary use of historical data and the clarification of some difficult historical issues, but it will also deepen our understanding and cognition of traditional mathematics in East Asian countries.

关 键 词：和算史 中算史 汉字文化圈 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] O1[理学—数学]