婴幼儿痉挛性咳嗽的临床特点及危险因素分析  

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of spastic cough in infants

作　　者：韩菲[1] 任旭凤 吴春雪[1] 徐汉云[1] HAN Fei;REN Xufeng;WU Chunxue;XU Hanyun(Emergency Ward,Jiangxi Province Children's Hospital,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省儿童医院急诊病房,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2020年第28期9-11,17,共4页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划(20203672)。

摘　　要：目的分析婴幼儿痉挛性咳嗽的临床特点及危险因素。方法选取2018年7月~2020年4月我院收治的200例痉挛性咳嗽患儿作为研究对象,利用调查问卷方式收集全部患儿的年龄、性别、白细胞计数、肺部阳性特征、发热、百白破接种史等资料,分析婴幼儿痉挛性咳嗽的临床特点及重症痉挛性咳嗽的危险因素。结果200例痉挛性咳嗽患儿性别较为接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1~3个月发病率为49.50%(99/200);接种百白破疫苗发病率为66.00%(132/200);夏季、秋季发病率均为37.00%(74/200),高于其他季节(P<0.05)。年龄1~3个月、未接种百白破疫苗、发热、有肺部阳性特征、白细胞计数≥10×109/L的患儿中,重症患儿占比高于普通患儿(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归模型分析,年龄1~3个月、白细胞计数≥10×109/L、有肺部阳性特征、发热、未接种百白破疫苗属于痉挛性咳嗽病情加重的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿痉挛性咳嗽患儿多见于1~3个月,重症患儿多见于1~3个月,未接种百白破疫苗患儿发展为重症的概率较大,且未接种百白破疫苗、年龄1~3个月、白细胞计数≥10×109/L、有肺部阳性特征、发热均属于加剧痉挛性咳嗽症状的独立危险因素,需予以有效干预,延缓病情发展。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of spastic cough in infants.Methods A total of 200 children with spastic cough admitted in our hospital from July 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the research object.The questionnaire was used to collect all the children's age,sex,white blood cell count,positive lung characteristics,fever,and DPT vaccination history.The clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe spastic cough in infants were analyzed.Results The gender of 200 children with spastic cough was relatively close,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The incidence rate at age 1 to 3 months was 49.50%(99/200),and the incidence rate of DPT vaccination history was 66.00%(132/200),and the incidence rate in summer and autumn were both 37.00%(74/200),which was higher than in other seasons(P<0.05).The proportion of critically ill children aged 1 to 3 months old,without DPT vaccination,with fever,positive characteristics of lungs and white blood cell count≥10×109/L ratio was higher than that of ordinary children(P<0.05).Logistic regression model showed that age 1 to 3 months,white blood cell count≥10×109/L,positive lung characteristics,fever,and without DPT vaccination were independent risk factors for the exacerbation of spastic cough(P<0.05).Conclusion Infantile spastic cough is more common in children with 1 to 3 months age,and severe children are more common in age 1 to 3 months children.However,children without DPT vaccination have a higher chance of developing severe disease.Children without DPT vaccination,age 1 to 3 months,white blood cell count≥10×109/L,positive lung characteristics and fever are independent risk factors that exacerbate the symptoms of spastic cough,and effective intervention measures are needed to delay the development of the disease.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 痉挛性咳嗽 临床特点 危险因素 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]