人工智能应用中的劳动者发展机制与政策变革  

Laborer’s Development Mechanism in Artificial Intelligence Application and Policy Reform

作　　者：杨伟国[1] 邱子童 Yang Weiguo;Qiu Zitong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2020年第5期2-13,126,共13页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金重大规划项目“数字技术革命与工作世界的未来”(项目批准号:17XNLG06)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人工智能对劳动力市场的影响深刻且难以回避,继而影响每一位劳动者的发展。文章以劳动异化理论对劳动者主体性的分析为基础,探讨人工智能应用在劳动者发展过程中引起的劳动异化问题,发现人工智能应用削弱了低技能劳动者获得生存资料的能力,提高了劳动者实现过程自主的门槛,加深了劳动过程中的劳动异己性,并影响了部分劳动者的群体认同。文章认为,劳动者发展政策的变革,需要在收入分配方面实现劳动者收入保障的持续性,在就业能力方面融合工作技能与社会技能,在工作场所规则调整时提高劳动标准的适用性,并为所有劳动者提供畅通的诉求表达渠道。Artificial intelligence has a profound impact on the labor market and is closely related to the development of every worker.By analyzing laborers’subjectivity using the theory of labor alienation,this paper discusses the problems of labor alienation caused by the artificial intelligence application in the process of laborers’development.It finds that the artificial intelligence application weakens the ability of low-skilled workers to obtain means of livelihood,improves the threshold for workers to achieve autonomy,deepens the labor alienation in the process,and affects the group identity of some workers.It suggests that the workforce development policy should guarantee the continuity of worker’s income security in income distribution,promote employability combining work skills and social skills,improve the applicability of labor standards in workplace regulations,and provide unimpeded channels for all workers to express their appeals.

关 键 词：人工智能 劳动者发展 劳动者主体性 政策变革 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] TP18[经济管理—国民经济]