南瓜种间杂交后代主要表型性状的遗传变化分析  

Analysis on Genetic Change of Main Phenotypic Characters in the Interspecific Hybrid Cucurbita maxima D.×Cucurbita moshata D.

作　　者：刘文君[1] 周建辉[1] 陈宝玲 张曼[1] 范爱丽[1] 高忠奎[2] 黄凤婵[1] LIU Wen-jun;ZHOU Jian-hui;CHEN Bao-ling(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院科研基地管理处,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第22期110-114,135,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204026);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFAA198219)。

摘　　要：以不同表型的4个印度南瓜自交系为母本,依次与不同表型的2个中国南瓜自交系杂交,分析种间杂交后代叶形、茎粗、节间长度、果形、果实皮色、果重等主要表型性状的遗传变化,探讨种间杂交在杂种优势利用和优异性状基因跨种转移的应用潜力。试验结果表明,不同杂交组合的亲和性存在明显差异,种间杂交存在不亲和性,印度南瓜自交系Y15与中国南瓜杂交的亲和性高于其他印度南瓜亲本材料;杂种F 1植株表现出叶片变大、节间变长和单瓜重变大的超亲趋势;杂种F 1植株和果实外观兼容了双亲的形态特征,叶上白斑、叶色接近中国南瓜亲本,果实形状及皮色接近印度南瓜亲本。选择亲和性高的亲本材料是杂交成功的关键,杂种后代具有明显的杂种优势,在性状改良和品种创制方面具有重要的应用价值。Four inbred lines of Cucurbita maxima D.with different phenotypes were used as female parents to cross with 2 Cucurbita moschata D.inbred lines with different phenotypes.To analyze the genetic changes of main phenotypic traits such as leaf shape,stem thickness,internode length,fruit shape,fruit skin color,fruit weight,etc.of the offspring of interspecific hybrids,and to explore the application of interspecific hybrids in the utilization of heterosis and the potential of application of cross species transfer of excellent characters.The results showed that there were significant differences in compatibility among different cross combinations,and there was incompatibility in interspecific hybridization.The compatibility of inbred line Y15 of C.maxima was higher than that of other C.moschata parents.The hybrid F1 plants showed the trend of larger leaves,longer internodes and larger single melon weight.The plant and fruit appearance of hybrid F1 were compatible with the morphological characteristics of their parents,the white spot and leaf color on the leaves were close to C.moschata parents,and the fruit shape and skin color were close to C.maxima parents.Therefore,selecting parental materials with high compatibility is the key to successful hybridization.The offspring of hybrids have obvious heterosis and have important application value in character improvement and variety creation.

关 键 词：种间杂交 中国南瓜 印度南瓜 表型性状 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]