叉蕨科30种植物叶表皮形态特征研究  

Morphological features of leaf epidermis of 30 Tectariaceae species

作　　者：戴锡玲[1] 季艳秋[1] 曹建国[1] 邢冰伟 王全喜[1,2] Dai Xi-Ling;Ji Yan-Qiu;Cao Jian-Guo;Xing Bing-Wei;Wang Quan-Xi(Life Science College,Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resource,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海辰山植物园,上海资源植物功能基因组重点实验室,上海201602

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2020年第5期585-598,共14页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：上海市绿化市容管理局科学技术攻关项目(G152430);上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目(17DZ2252700)。

摘　　要：利用光镜对叉蕨科7属30种植物叶表皮形态特征进行详细观察研究。结果显示:(1)叉蕨科30种植物的叶上表皮和下表皮细胞形状均为不规则型,垂周壁式样为深波状或浅波状,具单晶或针晶;上表皮细胞的长宽比为1.62~4.0,下表皮细胞的长宽比为1.63~3.06。(2)在30种植物中共观察到7种气孔器类型,分别为:极细胞型、腋下细胞型、聚合极细胞型、聚腋下细胞型、不等细胞型、无规则四细胞型和不规则型,每种植物分别具有4~7种气孔器类型,均为下生型气孔;气孔长宽比为1.22~1.91,气孔密度为8~76个/mm2,气孔指数为3.9%~25.7%。(3)基于气孔器类型组成进行聚类分析,可将30种植物分成3个类群。(4)对叶表皮形态特征分析认为,轴脉蕨属应介于叉蕨属和肋毛蕨属之间,且与叉蕨属关系更近;叉蕨属的范畴还有待进一步研究;支持将肋毛蕨属从叉蕨科中分离出来置于鳞毛蕨科,但不支持黄腺羽蕨属归入鳞毛蕨科。The epidermal morphology of 30 species of Tectariaceae was investigated via light microscopy.Results indicated that:(1)The shapes of the upper and lower epidermal cells of all 30 species were irregular,with sinuate or repand anticlinal walls.Monocrystals or needle crystals were observed in the epidermal cells.The length-to-width radios of the upper and lower epidermal cells were between 1.62-4.0 and 1.63-3.06 respectively.(2)In the 30 species,seven stomatal apparatus types,i.e.polocytic,axillocytic,copolocytic,coaxillocytic,aisocytic,anomotetracytic,and anomocytic types,were observed.Each plant had four to seven types,and all stomatal apparatuses occurred in the lower epidermis.The stomatal length-to-width ratio was 1.22-1.91;stomatal density was 8-76 mm2;and stomatal index was 3.9%-25.7%.(3)Based on cluster analysis of the stomatal apparatus types,the 30 species could be divided into three groups.(4)From the morphological characteristics of the leaf epidermis,we concluded that the genus Ctenitopsis lies between Tectaria and Ctenitis,and is more closely related to the former.Thus,the scope of the genus Tectaria needs further study.Our results support the isolation of Ctenitis from the family Tectariaceae and its placement in the family Dryopteridaceae,but not the placement of Pleocnemia in Dryopteridaceae.

关 键 词：叉蕨科 叶表皮 气孔器 

分 类 号：Q949.36[生物学—植物学] Q944.5