贵州麻若平台泥炭藓沼泽中泥炭藓持水特性及其与土壤营养元素关系研究  

Water retention characteristics of Sphagnum and their relationship with soil nutrient content in the peatland of Maruo,Upland Guizhou

作　　者：何春梅 张朝晖[1] 王智慧[2] 石匡正 He Chun-Mei;Zhang Zhao-Hui;Wang Zhi-Hui;Shi Kuang-Zheng(Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environmental of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China;School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2020年第5期618-626,共9页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960044,31760050,31760043);贵州省科技厅项目黔科合平台人才[2017]5726号。

摘　　要：泥炭藓属(Sphagnum)植物的持水特性在泥炭湿地形成过程中起着重要作用,研究其与土壤营养元素之间的关系有助于地区湿地保护和退化湿地的修复。以贵州麻若平台分布的泥炭沼泽为对象,采用方差分析、相关性分析和冗余分析等方法对沼泽内泥炭藓的生物量、蓄水量、吸水率和土壤营养元素含量等进行研究。结果显示,该区域泥炭藓物种组成主要包括狭叶泥炭藓(Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh.)、多纹泥炭藓(Sphagnum multifibrosum X.J.Li&M.Zang)和卵叶泥炭藓(Sphagnum ovatum Hampe.)3种,狭叶泥炭藓为优势种,占泥炭藓总盖度的87.2%。沼泽中泥炭藓的生物量为(0.62±0.01)kg/m2,自然蓄水量为(9.42±0.45)kg/m2,饱和吸水率达1827.41%±34.56%,说明泥炭藓具有很强的持水能力。RDA分析表明,泥炭藓的生物量、饱和吸水量和饱和吸水率主要受沼泽土壤总钾、总磷、有效磷、有效氮、有效钾的影响,泥炭藓的鲜重、自然蓄水量和自然吸水率受土壤pH和水位的影响较大。泥炭藓的生物量、饱和蓄水量、饱和吸水率与土壤总钾含量呈正相关,与土壤总磷、有效磷、总钾、有效氮、总氮、有机质含量呈负相关,说明土壤总磷、有效磷、有效钾、有效氮、总氮、有机质对沼泽中泥炭藓的持水能力具有抑制作用。The water retention capacity of Sphagnum plays an important role in the formation of peatlands.Studying the relationship between Sphagnum and soil nutrients is helpful for the protection of peatlands and their restoration following degradation.The biomass,water-holding capacity,and saturated water absorption rate of Sphagnum and soil nutrients in the peatland of Maruo upland were measured and then evaluated by variance,correlation,and redundancy(RDA)analyses.Results showed that there were three Sphagnum species in the peatland,i.e.,Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh.,Sphagnum multifibrosum X.J.Li&M.Zang,and Sphagnum ovatum Hampe.Among these species,Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh was dominant,accounting for 87.2%of total Sphagnum coverage.In general,the biomass of Sphagnum was(0.62±0.01)kg/m2,natural water storage was(9.42±0.45)kg/m2,and saturated water absorption rate was 1827.41%±34.56%,thus indicating strong water storage capacity.RDA analysis showed that the biomass,saturated water storage,and saturated water absorption rate of Sphagnum were mainly affected by total potassium(TK),total phosphorus(TP),available potassium(AK),available phosphorus(AP),and available nitrogen(AN)content in the peatland soil.Fresh weight,natural water storage,and natural water absorption of Sphagnum were mainly affected by soil pH and water level.The biomass,saturated water storage,and saturated water absorption rate of Sphagnum were positively correlated with soil TK content and negatively correlated with soil TP,AP,AK,AN,total nitrogen(TN),and soil organic matter(SOM)content.These results indicate that soil TP,AP,AK,AN,TN,and SOM can inhibit the water retention capacity of Sphagnum.

关 键 词：泥炭藓 生物量 蓄水量 吸水率 土壤营养元素 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] Q949.35+2