实验室检测在学校结核病疫情处置中的应用  

Application of laboratory testing in the management of school tuberculosis epidemic

作　　者：包训迪[1] 王舒 张威 王庆[1] BAO Xun-di;WANG Shu;ZHANG Wei;WANG Qing(Clinical Laboratory of Anhui Chest Hospital,Hefei 230022,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省胸科医院(安徽省结核病防治研究所)检验科,安徽合肥230022 [2]阜阳市第二人民医院检验科

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2020年第5期375-376,389,共3页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省卫计委课题(No 15tb011);安徽省胸科医院课题(No xk2015010)。

摘　　要：目的分析实验室检测在学校结核病疫情处置中的作用,为丰富学校结核病疫情防控手段提供依据。方法按《学校结核病防控工作规范》,对某学校结核病患者的密切接触者和一般接触人群进行结核病筛查,采集相关标本进行实验室检测。结果该学校共发现5例结核病患者。密切接触者和一般接触者共160人进行了筛查和实验室检测,PPD试验强阳性15人,强阳率9.38%。5例确诊的患者中,有4例为病原学阳性,1例涂阳,3例培养阳性,4例患者阳性标本分子生物学阳性。结论学校是结核病疫情高发场所,实验室病原学检测在发现传染源中发挥着重要作用,应重视新诊断技术在检测过程中的应用。Objective To analyze the role of laboratory test in the investigation and analysis of tuberculosis(TB) epidemics in schools,and to provide evidence for enriching the prevention and control measures of tuberculosis in schools.Methods According to the "Code of Practice for Prevention and Control of School Tuberculosis",TB screening was conducted for close contacts and general contacts of TB patients in a school,and relevant specimens were collected for laboratory testing.Results In this school,5 cases of tuberculosis were found.A total of 160 close contacts and general contacts were screened and tested in the laboratory.PPD test was highly positive in 15 people,with a strong positive rate of 9.38%.Of the 5 confirmed patients,4 were positive for etiology,1 was smear-positive,3 were positive for culture,and 4 were positive for molecular biology.Conclusion School is a high-risk place for tuberculosis epidemic.Laboratory pathogen detection plays an important role in the discovery of infectious sources.It is necessary to pay attention to the application of new diagnostic techniques in the detection process.

关 键 词：学校 肺结核 聚集性疫情 实验室检测 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]