对文学批评范式转换的反思——兼议《文学批评:一部简明政治史》  

Reflections on the Paradigm Shift of Literary Criticism——Based on the Review of Literary Criticism:A Concise Political History

作　　者：孙胜忠[1] SUN Sheng-zhong(School of English Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院,上海200083

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期135-142,共8页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

摘　　要：20世纪以降的西方文学批评总体上经历了从社会历史批评到文本批评再到当下文化分析这一范式轮回的过程。新近问世的《文学批评:一部简明政治史》摆脱具体流派和文论家观点的纠缠,从“战略的”高度回顾了20世纪以来西方英语世界文学批评的范式转换,重点剖析了新世纪占据主导地位的历史主义/语境主义文学批评范式的特点及由来,审慎地呼吁回归旨在培养读者审美能力和加强其主体性的批评范式,并大胆地预测了文学批评的未来走向。在评析该著的观点和研究方法,论述20世纪以来文学批评范式转换的基础上,分析指出,文学批评应该综合考虑文本内外多重因素,但必须从文本出发并回到文本。Western literary study has generally undergone a circulating process of paradigm shift since the turn of the twentieth century from socio-historical examination to textual analysis and further to the cultural analysis of today.Newly published Literary Criticism:A Concise Political History breaks away from the entanglement of specific critical schools and particular critics’viewpoints,strategically overviews the paradigmatic shift of literary studies in the English-speaking world since the twentieth century by focusing on the currently dominant historicist/contextualist approach,judiciously appeals to returning to“criticism”which aims at cultivating readers’aesthetic judgment and enhancing their subjectivity,and boldly predicts the future trend of literary studies.Based on the critique of the chief arguments and methodology of Literary Criticism and the analysis of the paradigmatic shift,this paper argues that literary criticism should comprehensively embrace a variety of elements both within and without literary texts,but must start from texts and finally return to them.

关 键 词：文学批评的范式转换 反思 约瑟夫·诺思 《文学批评:一部简明政治史》 历史主义/语境主义 

分 类 号：I116[文学—世界文学]