基于流式细胞仪对杏属植物基因组大小的测定  

Estimation of Genome Size of Apricots Based on Flow Cytometry

作　　者：张俊环 杨丽 姜凤超 张美玲 孙浩元 王玉柱 ZHANG Junhuan;YANG Li;JIANG Fengchao;ZHANG Meiling;SUN Haoyuan;WANG Yuzhu(Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市林业果树科学研究院,北京100093 [2]国家林业和草原局杏工程技术研究中心,北京100093

出　　处：《华北农学报》2020年第5期32-38,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31401836);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000606-4);北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ201702,QNJJ201925)。

摘　　要：基因组大小是植物最基本也是最重要的生物多样性特征参数,测定杏基因组大小,比较不同种、变种及品种之间基因组大小的差异,可为相关杏属植物的物种进化和分类研究以及基因组研究提供基础数据。采用流式细胞仪技术,对分属于普通杏、辽杏、西伯利亚杏、紫杏和仁用杏5个种或类型的13个杏品种资源的基因组大小进行了测定。结果显示,在所对比的3种内标植物中,金丝小枣最适于做杏基因组大小测定的内标。以金丝小枣为内标,通过比较待测样品和内标G0/G1期荧光峰,计算得出13份杏属植物材料中,普通杏及其变种基因组大小为(253.17±0.963)Mb(大优佳)^(300.60±1.181)Mb(陕梅),紫杏基因组最小,大小为(245.07±0.842)Mb,辽杏、属于西伯利亚杏的绿萼山杏和仁用杏品种龙王帽的基因组大小分别为(280.37±4.858),(273.66±4.334),(263.42±1.306)Mb,5个种或类型间差异均达显著水平。首次揭示了杏属植物不同种和品种间基因组大小的差异。研究结果可为杏基因组大小与其表型性状、种间分化以及植物学分类间关系的解释提供基础证据。Genome size is the critical parameter of biodiversity characteristics in plants.Some valuable data,including species evolution and classification studies and genomic research in apricot,will be acquired when performed the apricot genome size and comparing the difference among species,varieties and cultivars.The genome size of 13 apricot cultivars belonged to five species had been detected by using flow cytometry.The five species of apricot included P.armeniaca,P.sibirica,P.mandshurica,P.mume and P.dasycarpa.After comparing three internal reference plants,Z.jujuba cv.Jinsixiaozao was used as an internal reference and the DNA content was quantified by flow cytometry and calculated as the ratio of mean flurescence of G0/G1 peak between Z.jujuba and tested samples.The genome size of apricot and its variants varied between(253.17±0.963)Mb(Dayoujia)-(300.60±1.181)Mb(Shanmei),Zixing had the most small genome size.The genome sizes of Liaoxing,Lüeshanxing belonging to P.sibirica,and Longwangmao were(280.37±4.858),(273.66±4.334),(263.42±1.306)Mb,respectively.There were significant difference in genome size among the five different species and varieties of the apricot genus.This study detected the difference in genome size among different species and varieties in apricot for the first time.These results would provide basic evidence for exploring the relationship between the genome sizes and their phenotypic traits,interspecies differentiation and botanical classification in apricot.

关 键 词：杏 基因组大小 流式细胞术 测定 

分 类 号：S602.4[农业科学—园艺学]