不同碳氮比对生物絮团形成及对日本沼虾生长、抗氧化酶和消化酶的影响  

EFFECTS OF BIOFLOCS ON GROWTH,DIGESTIVE ENZYMES AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES OF MACROBRACHIUM NIOOONENSE

作　　者：金毅 傅洪拓[1,2] 孙盛明[2] 乔慧[2] 张文宜[2] 金舒博[2] 龚永生[2] 蒋速飞[2] 熊贻伟[2] 钱珺 张禹宁 JIN Yi;FU Hong-Tuo;SUN Sheng-Ming;QIAO Hui;ZHANG Wen-Yi;JIN Shu-Bo;GONG Yong-Sheng;JIANG Su-Fei;XIONG Yi-Wei;QIAN Jun;ZHANG Yu-Ning(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Wuxi 214081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,无锡214081

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2020年第6期1239-1246,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JFRS-02);江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台种质资源库(圃)建设项目(JSGB2018-07);江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201745)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究不同碳氮比对生物絮团形成及对日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)生长、抗氧化酶和消化酶的影响,设置5个不同实验组[对照组(不做任何添加),碳氮比10组(C/N10)、碳氮比15组(C/N15)、碳氮比20组(C/N20)和碳氮比25组(C/N25)],每组设三重复;将初始体重(0.25±0.03)g的日本沼虾置于不同碳氮比的玻璃缸(30 cm×40 cm×100 cm)中,进行50d的饲养实验。研究结果表明,随着碳氮比升高,生物絮团含量有上升趋势,生物絮团含量C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10,C/N20生物絮团最多,生物絮团体积和总固体悬浮物分别为(328.67±7.09)mL/L和(40.33±1.53)mg/L而C/N10几乎没有生物絮团产生,C/N15和C/N25有少量生物絮团,但含量显著低于C/N20。对照组的氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度持续升高,C/N10和C/N25的氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度有较大波动,先升高后降低,随后又有升高的趋势,氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度分别高于2和1.5 mg/L,C/N15和C/N20的氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度在整个养殖期间都维持在较低水平,氨氮和亚硝酸氮浓度分别低于0.35和0.6 mg/L,且无剧烈波动。增重率依次是C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>Control,C/N10、C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分别比对照组高出29.69%、50.22%、89.52%和75.98%(P<0.05);特定生长率依次是C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>Control,C/N10和C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分别比对照组高出18.41%、24.69%、42.26%和33.89%(P<0.05);在抗氧化酶方面,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>Control,与对照组相比,C/N10、C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分别高出1.70%、21.42%、43.19%和31.49%(P<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>Control,与对照组相比,C/N10、C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分别高了19.34%、35.26%、73.35%和47.12%。在消化酶方面,淀粉酶活性依次是C/N20>C/N15>C/N25>Control>C/N10,与对照组相比,C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分别高出68.09%、231.91%和42.55%(P<0.05);脂肪酶活性依次是C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>Control>C/N10,与对照组相比,C/N15、C/N20和C/N25分To study the effects of different carbon-nitrogen ratios on biofloc formation and the speed of growth,intestinal digestive enzymes and hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzymes of Macrobrachium nipponense,five different experimental groups were set up[control group(no carbon source added),carbon-nitrogen ratio 10(C/N10),carbon-nitrogen ratio 15(C/N15),carbon-nitrogen ratio 20(C/N20)and carbon-nitrogen ratio 25(C/N25)]with three replicates per group.The original weight[(0.25±0.03)g]of Macrobrachium nipponense were cultured in a glass jar(30 cm×40 cm×100 cm)for 50 days.The results showed that the content of bio-flocs increased with the increase of C/N ratio.The content grades of bio-flocs ranking were C/N20,C/N25,C/N15 and C/N10,of which C/N20 had the largest bio-flocs.The volume of bio-flocs and total solid suspended matter were 328.67(+7.09 mL/L)and 40.33(+1.53 mg/L),while C/N10 group had almost no bio-flocs.C/N15 and C/N25 groups had some bio-flocs,but the content was significantly lower than that of C/N20.The concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the control group continued to increase.The concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in C/N10 and C/N25 groups fluctuated greatly,showing a trend of first increase,then decrease,and then increase.The concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were higher than 2 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L,respectively.The concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in C/N15 and C/N20 groups maintained at low level without sharp fluctuation during the whole culture period,while the concentration were lower than 0.35 mg/L and 0.6 mg/L,respectively.The weight gain rate was C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>control group,which was 29.69%,50.22%,89.52%,75.98%and higher than the control group,respectively(P<0.05).The specific growth rate was C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>control group,which was 18.41%,24.69%,42.26%,33.89%and higher than the control group respectively(P<0.05).In terms of antioxidant enzymes,GPX activity was C/N20>C/N25>C/N15>C/N10>control,which wa

关 键 词：日本沼虾 碳氮比(C/N) 生物絮团 抗氧化酶 消化酶 

分 类 号：S966.1[农业科学—水产养殖]