论《欧洲人权公约》的仲裁适用  

The European Convention on Human Rights in Action:Its Applicability and Relevance in Arbitration

作　　者：高薇[1] Gao Wei

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《中外法学》2020年第6期1634-1658,共25页Peking University Law Journal

摘　　要：《欧洲人权公约》第6条第1款所记载的公正审判权对仲裁有着最为重要的影响。欧洲人权法院的判例法将仲裁庭视为公约第6条第1款规定的审判机构,该条所保障的权利可以全部或部分地因仲裁的特性被放弃,但需区分自愿仲裁和强制仲裁。为履行公约义务,缔约国必须对仲裁实施有效监督,由此也导致部分缔约国在国际仲裁中允许当事人放弃撤销权和执行已撤销裁决的做法与其所承担的公约义务发生了冲突。前种做法已为人权法院所认可,后者在理论上也可以得到解决。通过进一步分析和总结1955—2020年间公约审判机构处理的所有仲裁案件,可以更加清晰地看到仲裁案件中公约适用的整体情况。欧洲人权保护机制对仲裁中的人权保护具有特殊及重要的价值。我国当事人参与国际仲裁,也要注意仲裁的人权维度,可以积极利用人权国际保护机制维护个人及国家利益。The fundamental right to“fair trial”enshrined in Article 6(1)of the European Human Rights Convention(ECHR)have an important role to play in the resolution of a multitude of complex is-sues in international arbitration.In the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights(ECtHR),an arbitral tribunal has been considered as a“tribunal”within the meaning of Article 6(1);with the possibility of a partial or full wavier,depending on whether the arbitration in question is compulsory or voluntary.To ensure that their ECHR obligations are complied with,members must retain scrutiny over arbitration matters.In international arbitration,it is possible for parties to waive(in advance)their right toapply to set aside an arbitral award.It is also possible for parties to enforce an award that has alreadybeen set aside by the curial court.These practices are potentially in conflict with ECHR.In fact,the former practice has been recently recognized and affirmed by the ECtHR;while the latter can be justified byand on proper theoretical bases.This article suggests that a survey of all cases before the ECtHR between1955 and 2020 on arbitration matters reveals,empirically,the true scope of ECHR's application in thesematters.It is important to appreciate that the human rights protections mechanism under ECHR has significant bearing on human right protections in the context of arbitration.Chinese parties to internationalarbitration(particularly those where ECHR is relevant)should have regard to its human right dimensionso that they can properly utilize those human rights protections mechanism to protect their interests.

关 键 词：《欧洲人权公约》 仲裁 公正审判权 国际体育仲裁院 撤销 

分 类 号：D95[政治法律—法学] DD912.7