基于卫星高度计数据的全球海洋潮汐特征分析  

Analysis of Global Tidal Characteristics Using Satellite Altimetry Data

作　　者：许安迪 陈学恩 XU An-Di;CHEN Xue-En(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期1-8,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFC1401300)资助。

摘　　要：本文基于长度为18.61年(1992-10-03~2011-04-29)的TOPEX/Poseidon,Jason-1及Jason-2卫星高度计沿轨数据,选择全球海域48943个计算点进行调和分析,提取了四大分潮(M2,S2,K1,O1)的潮汐调和常数。与分布在不同水深下的162个验潮站分析结果对比,四大分潮的矢量均方根误差在水深超过200 m时分别为5.28,4.17,2.41和1.17 cm,表明分析结果真实可信。同时,全球潮汐模式TPXO9.1输出结果也佐证了卫星高度计数据所得同潮图的准确性。在此基础上探究了在18.61年跨度上全球海洋的潮汐特征的变化,对该18.61年中最初2.97年(1992-10-03~1995-09-18)和最末2.97年(2008-05-13~2011-04-29)的资料调和分析并对比M2分潮的结果,发现全球大部分海域振幅和迟角变化不大;振幅变化在中国近海可达10 cm,迟角变化大多分布在无潮点附近,日本海周边海域及泰国湾北侧则有30°左右的变化。In this paper,the harmonic constants of the first four major constituents(M2,S2,K1,O1)are derived using the 18.61-year of TOPEX/Poseidon,Jason-1 and Jason-2 altimetry along-track data from October 3,1992 to April 29,2011.Compared with 162 global tide gauge stations of different depths,the results demonstrate that the altimetry data is reliable especially with a depth of over 200 m,where the vector RMS of the four major constituents is 5.28,4.17,2.41 and 1.17 cm.The comparison with TPXO9.1 also proves that the global tidal characteristics arereproduced well.Then the results of the first 2.97-year(1992-10-03~1995-09-18)and the final 2.97-year(2008-05-13~2011-04-29)for M2 constituent derived from the above mentioned altimetry data are investigated for tidal characteristics variation over time,which demonstrates that most ocean areas are mainly unchanged,while the amplitudes in the China Seas change about 10 cm,and the variations of phase are mostly near the amphidromic points,also the phase changes in the sea of Japan and the Gulf of Thailand about 30°.

关 键 词：卫星高度计 18.61年 全球潮汐特征 验潮站 潮汐特征变化 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]