鱼溶浆粉在珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼的高植物蛋白饲料中的应用  

Studies on Supplementation of Stickwater Meal to High Plant Protein Diets of Juvenile Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus ♂ Pearl Gentian

作　　者：王晓艳 马季 王际英 李宝山 黄炳山 郝甜甜 王成强 宋志东 李培玉 孙永智 WANG Xiao-Yan;MA Ji;WANG Ji-Ying;LI Bao-Shan;HUANG Bing-Shan;HAO Tian-Tian;WANG Cheng-Qiang;SONG Zhi-Dong;LI Pei-Yu;SUN Yong-Zhi(Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration,Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Yantai 264006,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 [2]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期31-43,共13页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：烟台市重点研究发展计划项目(2017ZH066,2016ZH068,2018ZHGY066,2020XDRH091);山东省重点研究发展项目(2016GSF115005)资助。

摘　　要：为研究高植物蛋白饲料中添加鱼溶浆粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatu♂)幼鱼的生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标、非特异性免疫及肠道组织结构的影响。以(23.72±0.09)g的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼为研究对象,添加60%白鱼粉为对照组(DF),用30%大豆浓缩蛋白替代饲料中30%的白鱼粉,并添加0、2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%的鱼溶浆粉(分别命名为D0、D2.5、D5、D7.5和D10),配制了6组等氮等能的实验饲料,进行为期8周的养殖实验。实验表明:添加5%以上鱼溶浆粉幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率、肝体比和脏体比与DF组差异不显著(P>0.05);添加鱼溶浆粉组的全鱼粗蛋白均显著高于DF组及D0组(P<0.05),其它体成分及背肌氨基酸组成均无显著差异(P>0.05);添加鱼溶浆粉对血清总蛋白、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性影响显著(P<0.05);添加鱼溶浆粉可显著提高血清总抗氧化能力和总超氧化物歧化酶活性并降低丙二醛含量(P<0.05);添加5%以上鱼溶浆粉,肠道皱襞数目与DF组无显著差异(P>0.05),D0组皱襞高度显著低于其它各组(P<0.05),肌层厚度受不同饲料影响不显著(P>0.05)。研究结果表明,在本实验条件下,高植物蛋白饲料中添加5%以上的鱼溶浆粉能达到与30%的鱼粉相同的饲喂效果。To evaluate the effects of stickwater meal supplementation to high plant protein meal,growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indices,non-specific immunity and intestinal tissue structure of juvenile pearl gentian grouper(initial body weight,(23.72±0.09)g),six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were formulated.The control diet contained 60%white fishmeal as protein source.The other five diets contained 30%of white fishmeal,30%of concentrated soy protein,and 0%,2.5%,5%,7.5%and 10%of stickwater meal,respectively(D0,D2.5,D5,D7.5 and D10).The feeding trial was lasted for 8 weeks.Results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain rate,specific growth rate,hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index between diets containing more than 5%stickwater meal and the control(P>0.05).The crude protein of whole fish of supplementation diets was significantly higher than that of the control and D0(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in other body composition indexes and amino acid composition of dorsal muscle(P>0.05).Contents of serum total protein,triglyceride,cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and activities of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were significantly affected by stickwater meal supplementation(P<0.05).The addition of stickwater meal improved serum total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase and reduced malondialdehyde content significantly(P<0.05).Intestine duplicature number of fish fed with diets containing more than 5%stickwater meal supplementation was similar to that of the control(P>0.05).The intestine duplicature height of D0 was significantly lower than that of other diets(P<0.05)and intestine muscle thickness of fish was not affected significantly by the supplementation(P>0.05).In conclusion,under our experimental condition,5%stickwater meal added into high plant protein meals has the same feeding effect as that containing 30%of fish meal and plays an important role in saving fish meal.

关 键 词：珍珠龙胆石斑鱼 鱼溶浆粉 高植物蛋白饲料 生长性能 体组成 血清生化指标 非特异性免疫 肠道组织结构 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]