南海开放共享航次关键科学问题的思考——从多尺度海洋动力学角度出发  

Thoughts on the key scientific issues of Shiptime Sharing Project/Open Cruise in the South China Sea——From the perspective of multi-scale ocean dynamics

作　　者：杜岩[1,2,3] 陈举 经志友[1,3] 王祥鹏 陈更新[1,3] 徐驰 储小青 陈植武[1,3] 徐杰 施震[1,3] 唐世林 何云开[1] 梁韵 施平 DU Yan;CHEN Ju;JING Zhiyou;WANG Xiangpeng;CHEN Gengxin;XU Chi;CHU Xiaoqing;CHEN Zhiwu;XU Jie;SHI Zhen;TANG Shilin;HE Yunkai;LIANG Yun;SHI Ping(State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography(South China Sea Institute of Oceanology&Innovation Academy of SouthChina Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences),Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所暨中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院),广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东广州511458

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2020年第6期1-17,共17页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41525019、41521005、41830538、41776040、NORC2018-07、NORC2019-07、NORC2020-07);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项和重点项目(XDA19060501、XDA13010404、XDA15020901、133244KYSB20190031、ZDRW-XH-2019-2、ISEE2018PY06);国家海洋局“全球变化与海气相互作用”专项(GASI-IPOVAI-02);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)重大专项团队项目(GML2019ZD0303、GML2019ZD0306、2019BT02H594)。

摘　　要：南海是西太平洋最大的边缘海,通过一系列的海峡与西太平洋和印度洋相联通,其不同时空尺度的海洋环流动力过程及其生态环境效应是南海区域海洋学研究的重要内容。自20世纪50年代末全国第一次海洋普查开始,我国对海洋调查的支持力度不断加大,以科学考察船为代表的海洋科学观测平台建设不断加强;进入新千年以来,国内海洋科考船依托的各主要研究所和院校本着开放的理念,先后组织多单位联合进行海上观测。尤其是最近10年,国家自然科学基金委员会支持实施了船时共享航次计划,进一步促进了国内海洋界的交流和合作,南海区域海洋学的相关研究取得了很多重要的成果。从多尺度环流动力学的角度出发,本文简要回顾了南海海洋观测的发展历程,并初步总结了近些年来南海关键科学问题的研究进展,包括南海和西太平洋的水体交换过程、南海中小尺度过程、多尺度相互作用及其生态环境效应等;并且在现有的研究基础上,对未来南海的观测和科学问题提出若干思考与展望。The South China Sea(SCS)is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean,connected with the western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean through a series of straits.Multi-scale dynamic processes of ocean circulation and their environmental effects on marine biology and ecology have been a focus of SCS regional oceanography research.Since the first national marine census at the end of the 1950 s,China has kept on increasing its support on marine research,especially on the construction of marine scientific observation platforms on research vessels.Entering the New Millennium,the main marine research institutes and universities in China,which operate research vessels,organized and supported Open Cruise for domestic scientists without charging for the shiptime.As a milestone,the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)set up a Shiptime Sharing Project to support the Open Cruise since 2009,which has further promoted communications and cooperations among the domestic ocean research communities.Many important achievements have been made in the SCS regional oceanography.From the perspective of multi-scale ocean dynamics,we briefly review the history of ocean observations in the SCS and summarize the research progresses of key scientific issues in the SCS in recent years,including the water exchange between the SCS and western Pacific Ocean,the mesoscale and sub-mesoscale processes,the multi-scale interaction and its ecological environmental effects,among others.We also share some thoughts and prospects on observations and scientific investigations in the SCS in the future.

关 键 词：南海 海洋观测 多尺度环流 水体交换 中小尺度过程 生态效应 

分 类 号：P722.7[天文地球—海洋科学] P731.2