育成生长期雄性水貂净能需要量研究  

Net Energy Requirement of Male Minks during Growing Period

作　　者：韩菲菲 钟伟[1] 张新宇 穆琳琳 陈双双 王卓[1] 刘可园[1] 王静[1] 李光玉[1] HAN Feifei;ZHONG Wei;ZHANG Xinyu;MU Linlin;CHEN Shuangshuang;WANG Zhuo;LIU Keyuan;WANG Jing;LI Guangyu(State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology,Institute of Economic Animal and Plant Science,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,特种经济动物分子生物学国家重点实验室,长春130112

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第11期5373-5379,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ISAPS);吉林省重点科技成果转化项目(20160307022NY)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在采用6室并联毛皮动物开放呼吸回流式呼吸测热装置研究和计算育成生长期雄性水貂生长净能(NE_g)、维持净能(NE_m)需要量,以完善我国水貂营养标准。选取健康、日龄相近的雄性短毛黑水貂24只进行呼吸测热试验,试验共设3期,每期7 d,其中适应期1 d,正常代谢3 d,绝食代谢3 d,每期3个重复,每个重复3只水貂,均放进呼吸测热装置的1个代谢室。结果表明:1)水貂正常采食时代谢能摄入量(MEI)为1 296.51 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),产热量(HP)为530.03 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),NE_g为766.92 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d);绝食产热量(FHP)为414.87 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),净能(NE)需要量为1 181.79 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d)。2)水貂正常采食状态下氧气(O_2)消耗量为26.60 L/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),二氧化碳(CO_2)产生量为20.51 L/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),呼吸熵(RQ)为0.78。绝食状态下O_2消耗量为20.91 L/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),CO_2产生量为15.65 L/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),RQ为0.76。3)经MEI与沉积能(RE)建立的线性回归方程推算得,NE_m为436.00 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),维持代谢能(ME_m)为518.47 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),能量转化效率(K_m)为84.09%。经MEI与HP反对数建立的线性回归方程推算得,NE_m为467.98 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),ME_m为529.00 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),K_m为88.47%。综上所述,体重为1.30~2.58 kg的育成生长期雄性水貂能量需要量为:ME_m518.00~529.00 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),NE_m414.87~467.98 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),NE_g766.92 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d),NE为1 181.79 kJ/(kg BW^(0.75)·d)。This experiment was adopted open circuit respiratory calorimetry with 6 chambers in parallel for fur animal to detect and calculate the net energy for growth(NEg)and net energy for maintenance(NEm)requirement of male minks during growing period,and to improve nutrient standards of mink industry in China.Twenty-four healthy male minks with similar age were selected for the respiratory calorimetry test.There were3 stages in the test,7 d for each stage,including 1 d for adaptation,3 d for normal metabolism,and 3 d for fasting metabolism,and 3 replicates for each stage,3 minks of one replicate were put into the same one respiration chambers.The results showed as follows:1)the metabolizable energy intake(MEI)was1 296.51 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),heat production(HP)was 530.03 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),net energy for growth(NEg)was 766.92 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)during balance trail.The fasting heat production(FHP)was414.87 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),the total net energy(NE)requirement was 1 181.79 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d).2)The O2consumption was 26.70 L/(kg BW0.75·d),the CO2production was 20.51 L/(kg BW0.75·d),and the respiratory quotient(RQ)was 0.78 during balance trail.The O2consumption was20.91 L/(kg BW0.75·d),the CO2production was 15.65 L/(kg BW0.75·d),and the RQ was 0.76 during fast period.3)The metabolizable energy for maintenance(MEm)and NEmestimated from the linear relationship between RE and MEI were 518.47 and 436.00 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),respectively.The MEmand NEmestimated by logarithmic regression of HP on MEI were 529.00 and 467.98 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),respectively.In conclusion,the energy requirements of the male minks at the growing stage of 1.30 to 2.58 kg are:MEm518.00 to 529.00 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),NEm414.87 to 467.98 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),NEg766.92 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),NE 1 181.79 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d),respectively.

关 键 词：水貂 育成生长期 能量平衡 气体代谢 能量需要量 

分 类 号：S865.2[农业科学—野生动物驯养]