羌塘天然气水合物地震干扰波特征分析及去噪方法  

Analysis of interference wave characteristics of Qiangtang gas hydrate seismic data and denoising method

作　　者：周海娟[1] 匡朝阳[2] 陈耀 陈雷[1] 王秋璇 Zhou Haijuan;Kuang Chaoyang;Chen Yao;Chen Lei;Wang Qiuxuan(Anhui Exploration Technology Institute,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;No.6 Geophysical Team,East China Petroleum Bureau,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210007,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省勘查技术院,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国石化集团华东石油局第六物探大队,江苏南京210007

出　　处：《地质学刊》2020年第3期288-294,共7页Journal of Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局天然气水合物勘查与试采专项资金项目“羌塘盆地天然气水合物资源勘查(浅层高分辨率反射地震测量)”(GZHL20110305)。

摘　　要：基于西藏羌塘盆地天然气水合物原始资料,对地震干扰波类型进行分析,从不同道集域、频率、速度、能量等方面分析干扰波的特征,针对强能量干扰、面波、次生干扰波及随机噪声在单炮记录上的特点,经反复测试,总结出压制各种干扰波的合适方法及相应去噪模块相组合方式,在实际处理中取得了明显效果。叠前去噪需要把握好尺度,尽可能地保护有效信息不受损失;压制干扰波需遵循循序渐进的方式,分步处理,先强后弱,先线性后随机,形成一套去噪流程,并联合使用多种技术方法。实践证明,上述方法对羌塘盆地的干扰波压制十分有效。The interference wave types of natural gas hydrate data in Qiangtang Basin of Tibet are described.The interference waves were analyzed in different trace domains,frequencies,velocities and energies.In view of the characteristics of strong energy interference,surface wave,secondary interference and random noise in the single shot record,the suitable methods and techniques for suppressing various interference waves are summarized by repeated testing and processing.The corresponding phase combination mode of de-noising modules is adopted,which shows obvious practical effect.Before stacking denoising needs to treat avoiding effective information loss as its principle,suppressing interference waves need to follow a step-by-step approach,first strong waves and then weak waves,first linear waves and then random waves,forming a set of de-noising process,and to use a variety of technical methods together.This is an effective set of technical interference wave suppression for Qiangtang Basin.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 地震勘探 干扰波 噪声 信噪比 羌塘盆地 西藏 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]