贵州省部分地区8种鸭病毒性疾病流行情况调查  

Investigation on the prevalence of 8 duck viral diseases in some areas of Guizhou Province

作　　者：包涛涛 鲜思美[1,2] 张益 杨倩[1] 张友 闵德省 饶体宇 吴伯梅 BAO Tao-tao;XIAN Si-mei;ZHANG Yi;YANG Qian;ZHANG You;MIN De-sheng;RAO Ti-yu;WU Bo-mei(College of Animal Science of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institude of Animal Disease Research of Guizhou,Guiyang 550025,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Southeast Guizhou,Kaili 556000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省动物疫病研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省黔东南州农业农村局,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2020年第11期1405-1412,共8页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：贵州省农业攻关项目[黔科合支撑(2016)2506号]。

摘　　要：为掌握贵州省部分地区2016—2018年鸭的8种重要病毒病的流行情况。以贵阳、安顺、黔南及黔东南地区的7个养鸭场共计28 230羽发病鸭为调查分析对象,通过走访调查,现场随机采集血清样本168份,病料样本64份。采用血凝HA与血凝抑制HI试验检测发病鸭血清中H9亚型AIV和NDV感染抗体;采用ELISA方法检测发病鸭血清DHV、NDRV、DTMUV、MDPV、DuCV和NGPV感染抗体;采用PCR/RT-PCR方法检测8种病原核酸。结果显示,贵州省鸭群免疫接种了高致病性禽流感(H5、H7亚型)及鸭瘟疫苗;血清学方法检测出NDV、DuCV、DTMUV及H9亚型AIV感染抗体阳性率分别为47.62%(80/168)、22.61%(38/168)、8.93%(15/168)及7.14%(12/168),而DHV、NDRV、NGPV和MDPV感染抗体检测结果均为阴性;PCR/RT-PCR方法对64份临床样本进行8种病原核酸检测,NDV、H9亚型AIV、NGPV及DuCV特异性核酸片段检出率分别为34.38%(22/64)、21.88%(14/64)、12.50%(8/64)及7.81%(5/64),NDV与AIV H9亚型混合感染检出率为18.75%(12/64),而DHV、NDRV和MDPV特异性核酸片段均未被检测出。结果表明,贵州省鸭存在NDV、H9亚型AIV、DTMUV、DuCV及NGPV五种病毒感染,不同病毒以单纯和混合感染形式感染贵州鸭。本研究旨在为贵州省鸭的病毒性疾病防控提供参考依据。In order to grasp the prevalence of 8 important viral diseases in ducks in some areas of Guizhou from 2016 to 2018,a total of 28230 sick ducks in 7 duck farms in Guiyang,Anshun,Qiannan and Southeast Guizhou were investigated and analyzed.Through visits and investigations,168 serum samples and 64 disease samples were randomly collected on site.HA and hemagglutination inhibition HI tests were used to detect H9 subtype AIV and NDV infection antibodies in diseased duck serum,and ELISA method was used to detect diseased duck serum DHV,NDRV,DTMUV,MDPV,DuCV and NGPV infection antibodies.PCR/RT-PCR methods are used to detect 8 pathogenic nucleic acids.The results showed that the duck population in Guizhou Province was vaccinated with highly pathogenic avian influenza(H5 and H7 subtypes)and duck plague vaccine;the positive rates of NDV,DuCV,DTMUV and H9 subtype AIV infection antibodies detected by serological methods were 47.62%(80/168),22.61%(38/168),8.93%(15/168)and 7.14%(12/168),while the DHV,NDRV,NGPV and MDPV infection antibody test results were all negative.PCR/RT-PCR method was used to detect 8 pathogenic nucleic acids in 64 clinical samples.The detection rates of NDV,H9 subtype AIV,NGPV and DuCV specific nucleic acid fragments were 34.38%(22/64),21.88%(14/64),12.50%(8/64)and 7.81%(5/64),the detection rate of mixed infection of NDV and AIV H9 subtype was 18.75%(12/64),while DHV,NDRV and MDPV specific nucleic acid fragments were not detected out.The results showed that there were five virus infections in Guizhou ducks:NDV,H9 subtype AIV,DTMUV,DuCV and NGPV.Different viruses infect Guizhou ducks in the form of simple and mixed infections.This study aims to provide a reference for the prevention and control of duck viral diseases in Guizhou Province.

关 键 词：鸭 病毒性疾病 流行病学 

分 类 号：S852.659.5[农业科学—基础兽医学]