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作 者:贺治洲 辛业芸[2] 江南 梁毅 黄捷 杨汉树 王永卡 李宙炜 肖金华 袁隆平[2] 彭俊华 HE Zhi-zhou;XIN Ye-yun;JIANG Nan;LIANG Yi;HUANG Jie;YANG Han-shu;WANG Yong-ka;LI Zhou-wei;XIAO Jin-hua;YUAN Long-ping;PENG Jun-hua(Huazhi Biotech Co.Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)
机构地区:[1]华智生物技术有限公司,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125
出 处:《杂交水稻》2020年第5期94-99,共6页Hybrid Rice
基 金:湖南省重点研发计划项目(2017NK2022)。
摘 要:超优千号近年来在多地创造了水稻高产纪录,但存在高感白叶枯病和感稻瘟病的缺陷。结合常规回交育种方法与高通量全基因组分子标记辅助选择技术,对超优千号父本R900进行了白叶枯病和稻瘟病抗性的定向改良。在不到2 a时间内,获得了遗传背景回复率高(>95%)、抗性目标基因纯合的R900改良系,配组获得改良超优千号杂交组合。2019年对改良前后的超优千号多点大区对比试验表明,超优千号改良前后的产量相当,主要农艺性状相似。抗性鉴定表明改良R900以及改良超优千号的稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性较改良前明显提高。通过超优千号定向改良实践,成功验证了利用全基因组分子标记辅助育种技术,在保持原品种超高产潜力和主要农艺性状不变的基础上,能够实现抗性的快速定向改良。Though the hybrid rice variety Super 1000 has set a series of high-yield records in recent years,it has the defects of high susceptibility to bacterial blight and blast.Through the conventional backcross breeding method integrated with marker-assisted foreground selection and genome-wide marker-assisted background selection,the directional improvement for resistance to bacterial blight and rice blast was carried out for R900,the male parent of Super 1000.In less than 2 years,we obtained the improved R900 lines with over 95%recovery of R900 genome and homozygous resistance genotypes at the target loci,and the improved hybrid combination of Super 1000.In 2019,the multi-location and large-plot comparison test showed that the yield and important agronomic traits of the improved Super 1000 were similar to Super 1000.Resistance evaluation showed that the resistance of the improved R900 and the improved Super 1000 to both rice blast and bacterial blight were greatly enhanced.The successful improvement of Super 1000 in this study demonstrates that rapid directional improvement for major gene-controlling disease resistance of a variety without forfeiting the yield potential and other important agronomic traits can be achieved by the markerassisted selection for both the target-gene foreground and genome background.
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