大学生工作记忆广度训练迁移效应的行为学与影像学研究  

Transfer effect of working memory span training in college students:evidence from behavioral and magnetic resonance imaging

作　　者：宋杰 赵琬 张秋梅[3] 李君[4] Song Jie;Zhao Wan;Zhang Qiumei;Li Jun(Shanghai Qingpu District Mental Health Center,Shanghai 201721,China;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Mental Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272067,China;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市青浦区精神卫生中心,201721 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,210023 [3]济宁医学院公共卫生学院,272067 [4]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,100875

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2020年第10期909-914,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31771242)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨工作记忆广度训练对n-back任务的迁移效应及脑机制。方法:首先在60例大学生中开展随机对照实验,训练组(n=30)接受自适应性训练,对照组(n=30)接受低难度反复练习,比较两组训练前后2-back任务的差异。接下来在60例接受自适应性训练的大学生中,根据2-back任务改善中位数分为高迁移组(n=30)和低迁移组(n=30),比较两组训练前后全脑激活的差异。结果:与训练前比较,训练组训练后2-back任务正确率显著增加(F=21.45,P<0.001),正确率增加量为(0.15±0.18);对照组训练后正确率增加量为(0.03±0.17),差异无统计学意义(F=0.99,P=0.327)。与低迁移组比较,高迁移组训练后右侧纹状体激活显著增加(校正后P=0.028),纹状体激活变化与2-back任务正确率变化呈显著的正相关关系(R^2=0.084;F=5.21,P=0.025)。结论:工作记忆广度训练效果可迁移到n-back任务,纹状体在迁移过程中发挥重要作用。Objective:To explore the transfer effect of working memory span task training on n-back task and its accordant brain mechanism.Methods:First,a randomized controlled experiment was carried out in 60 college students.The training group(n=30)received adaptive training on a working memory span task and the control group(n=30)received low difficulty repeated practice.The difference on 2-back task between the two groups at posttest and pretest was compared.Next,60 college students who received adaptive training were divided into high transfer group(n=30)and low transfer group(n=30)according to their improvement median on 2-back task.The differences of brain activation across the whole brain between the two groups at posttest and pretest were compared.Results:Compared with before training,the accuracy of the 2-back task in the training group increased significantly after training(F=21.45,P<0.001),in which the training group increased by(0.15±0.18).While the control group increased by(0.03±0.17),and the difference was not significant(F=0.99,P=0.327).Compared with the low transfer group,the activation of the right striatum in the high transfer group increased significantly(corrected P=0.028).There was a significant correlation between the change of striatum activation and the change of 2-back task accuracy(R^2=0.084;F=5.21,P=0.025).Conclusion:The working memory span training effect can be transferred to n-back task,and the striatum plays an important role in this transfer effect.

关 键 词：工作记忆训练 工作记忆广度 N-BACK FMRI 纹状体 迁移效应 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]